Which condition occurs when a blood clot causes a section of heart muscle to become ischemic?
Myocardial infarction
Angina pectoris
Heart dysrhythmia
Atrial fibrillation
The Correct Answer is A
A. Myocardial infarction:
A MI (heart attack) occurs when a blood clot blocks a coronary artery, causing ischemia and necrosis (death) of heart muscle tissue.
B. Angina pectoris:
Angina is reversible chest pain due to temporary ischemia, usually from narrowed arteries, not total blockage by clot.
C. Heart dysrhythmia:
Dysrhythmias are abnormal heart rhythms; they can be a consequence of ischemia, but not directly caused by clots.
D. Atrial fibrillation:
AFib is an irregular, often rapid heart rhythm, but it’s an electrical problem, not caused directly by a blood clot.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Headache and tremors:
Respiratory acidosis leads to CO₂ retention, causing cerebral vasodilation, resulting in headache and neuromuscular irritability like tremors.
B. Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs:
These are signs of hypocalcemia, commonly seen in respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis.
C. Crackles and rhonchi upon auscultation:
These are lung sounds that might be present in respiratory conditions (like pneumonia or CHF) but are not specific symptoms of acid-base disturbances like respiratory acidosis.
D. Hyperactivity and reduced serum ionized calcium levels:
These findings are consistent with respiratory alkalosis, not acidosis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hydration:
Important for general kidney function but not a treatment for cancer.
B. Antibiotics:
Used for infections, not malignancies.
C. Dietary restriction:
Diet adjustments may be needed for kidney disease but do not treat renal cancer.
D. Targeted therapy:
Targeted drugs (like tyrosine kinase inhibitors) block cancer cell growth specifically in renal cell carcinoma.
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