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Which condition occurs when a blood clot causes a section of heart muscle to become ischemic?

A.

Myocardial infarction

B.

Angina pectoris

C.

Heart dysrhythmia

D.

Atrial fibrillation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Myocardial infarction:

A MI (heart attack) occurs when a blood clot blocks a coronary artery, causing ischemia and necrosis (death) of heart muscle tissue.

B. Angina pectoris:

Angina is reversible chest pain due to temporary ischemia, usually from narrowed arteries, not total blockage by clot.

 

C. Heart dysrhythmia:

Dysrhythmias are abnormal heart rhythms; they can be a consequence of ischemia, but not directly caused by clots.

D. Atrial fibrillation:

AFib is an irregular, often rapid heart rhythm, but it’s an electrical problem, not caused directly by a blood clot.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Isotonic: An isotonic solution has the same solute concentration as blood plasma; thus, 0.9% NaCl does not cause cells to shrink or swell.

B. Exotonic: "Exotonic" is not a recognized term in fluid balance or physiology.

C. Hypotonic: A hypotonic solution (like 0.45% NaCl) has a lower solute concentration than blood, causing water to move into cells, possibly leading to swelling.

D. Hypertonic: A hypertonic solution (like 3% NaCl) has a higher solute concentration than blood, causing water to leave cells and leading to cell shrinkage.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Crescent-shaped red blood cells and missing wisdom teeth:

Crescent-shaped red blood cells are characteristic of sickle cell anemia, not Down syndrome.

B. Flattened nose and a single palmar crease on the hands:

Typical features of Down syndrome include flattened facial features, epicanthal folds, and a single palmar (Simian) crease.

C. Hypertension and hypertonia:

Children with Down syndrome often have hypotonia (low muscle tone), not hypertonia or hypertension.

D. Widened eyes and a long neck:

While individuals with Down syndrome can have upward slanting eyes, a long neck is not a typical feature.

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