Which condition occurs when a blood clot causes a section of heart muscle to become ischemic?
Myocardial infarction
Angina pectoris
Heart dysrhythmia
Atrial fibrillation
The Correct Answer is A
A. Myocardial infarction:
A MI (heart attack) occurs when a blood clot blocks a coronary artery, causing ischemia and necrosis (death) of heart muscle tissue.
B. Angina pectoris:
Angina is reversible chest pain due to temporary ischemia, usually from narrowed arteries, not total blockage by clot.
C. Heart dysrhythmia:
Dysrhythmias are abnormal heart rhythms; they can be a consequence of ischemia, but not directly caused by clots.
D. Atrial fibrillation:
AFib is an irregular, often rapid heart rhythm, but it’s an electrical problem, not caused directly by a blood clot.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Keratosis pilaris:
This is a condition of small, rough bumps typically on arms or thighs, not depigmentation.
B. Vitiligo:
Vitiligo is a condition where melanocytes are destroyed, leading to depigmented patches of skin, especially in sun-exposed areas.
C. Rosacea:
Rosacea is characterized by facial redness, flushing, and visible blood vessels, not loss of pigment.
D. Psoriasis:
Psoriasis involves scaly, red plaques due to rapid skin cell turnover, not loss of melanocytes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Gestational thrombocytopenia:
Gestational thrombocytopenia involves low platelet counts during pregnancy. Symptoms: Easy bruising or bleeding- not polydipsia, polyphagia, or poor wound healing. No relationship to elevated blood glucose.
B. Gestational diabetes mellitus: Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar that develops during pregnancy. Classic signs: polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria. Non-healing wounds and infection risk due to impaired immunity and circulation. A1C of 8.5% clearly indicates poor glycemic control.
C. Gestational hypertension: High blood pressure during pregnancy. Symptoms: Headache, visual changes, swelling, not polydipsia, polyphagia, or infection.
D. Hyperemesis gravidarum: This causes severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy leading to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and weight loss, but not high glucose or wound issues.
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