Consider the steps the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system [RAAS] goes through when there is a decrease in circulation or a drop in blood pressure, ordered from the earliest to the latest. What is the step directly after angiotensin I is produced?
The kidney senses decreased perfusion
Renin is released and cleaves angiotensinogen.
Blood volume is raised and blood pressure is increased.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme helps to produce angiotensin II in the lungs and to stimulate the adrenal gland to release aldosterone
The Correct Answer is D
A. The kidney senses decreased perfusion:
This occurs earlier in the RAAS sequence, triggering the release of renin — not the immediate next step after angiotensin I is produced.
B. Renin is released and cleaves angiotensinogen:
This precedes the production of angiotensin I, not after.
C. Blood volume is raised and blood pressure is increased:
This is the final result of RAAS activation, not the step immediately following angiotensin I production.
D. Angiotensin-converting enzyme helps to produce angiotensin II in the lungs and to stimulate the adrenal gland to release aldosterone:
After angiotensin I is produced, it travels to the lungs where ACE converts it into angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that also triggers aldosterone release.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Seizures and dilated (fixed) pupils:
These findings suggest severe neurological injury, such as brain herniation, not a TIA.
B. Double-vision and disorientation:
TIA often presents with neurological deficits like visual disturbances (double vision), disorientation, weakness, and slurred speech, which resolve within 24 hours.
C. Tinnitus and Diarrhea:
These symptoms are not typical for TIA; tinnitus relates to ear problems, and diarrhea relates to GI issues.
D. Clear speech and 2+ deep tendon reflex response:
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A callus that forms on an ossicle:
No callus forms on the ossicles with cerumen impaction. Ossicle problems (like otosclerosis) involve bone remodeling, not wax.
B. Inflammation of the innermost part of the ear:
This describes labyrinthitis or inner ear infections, not cerumen impaction.
C. Blockage of the ear canal due to built-up ear wax:
Cerumen impaction is the accumulation of earwax blocking the external ear canal, leading to symptoms like hearing loss or fullness.
D. Accumulation of skin cells behind the tympanic membrane or within the mastoid bone:
This describes a cholesteatoma, not cerumen impaction.
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