Which dessert choice by a client who is prescribed a low-fat diet indicates the client understands the dietary instructions?

A slice of fruit pie.

One cup of gelatin.

A bran muffin.

One plain doughnut.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

This is because gelatin is a low-fat dessert that contains only 0.1 grams of fat per cup.

It is also low in calories and can be flavored with fruit juice or fresh fruits for added nutrition.

Choice A is wrong because a slice of fruit pie contains about 14 grams of fat per slice, which is high for a low-fat diet.

Fruit pies also have added sugar and refined flour that can increase the calorie intake.

Choice C is wrong because a bran muffin contains about 9 grams of fat per muffin, which is also high for a low-fat diet.

Bran muffins may have some fiber benefits, but they also have added sugar and oil that can make them less healthy.

Choice D is wrong because one plain doughnut contains about 11 grams of fat per doughnut, which is also high for a low-fat diet.

Doughnuts are deep-fried and have a lot of sugar and refined flour that can contribute to weight gain and health problems.

Some other examples of low-fat dessert choices are sorbet, fruit salad, yogurt, pudding, and angel food cake.

These desserts are lower in fat and calories than pies, muffins, and doughnuts, and can satisfy a sweet tooth without compromising the dietary instructions.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

This is because diarrhea can cause a loss of potassium along with water and other electrolytes. Potassium is an important mineral that helps regulate the heartbeat, nerve impulses and muscle contractions. Low levels of potassium can cause symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, irregular heartbeat and constipation.

Choice B. Hypocalcemia is wrong because diarrhea does not usually cause a loss of

calcium. Calcium is another mineral that helps with muscle and nerve function, blood clotting and bone health. Low levels of calcium can cause symptoms such as numbness, tingling, muscle spasms, seizures and confusion.

Choice C. Hyponatremia is wrong because diarrhea can cause a loss of sodium, but not to the extent that it causes hyponatremia. Sodium is the most abundant electrolyte in the body and it helps regulate fluid balance, blood pressure and nerve and muscle function. Low levels of sodium can cause symptoms such as headache, confusion, nausea, vomiting, seizures and coma.

Choice D. Hypochloremia is wrong because diarrhea can cause a loss of chloride, but not to the extent that it causes hypochloremia. Chloride is another electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance, blood pressure and acid-base balance. Low levels of chloride can cause symptoms such as weakness, dehydration, alkalosis (high blood pH) and muscle twitching.

The normal ranges for electrolytes in the blood are:

Potassium: 3.5 to 5 mEq/L
Calcium: 8.5 to 10.2 mg/dL
Sodium: 135 to 145 mEq/L
Chloride: 96 to 106

A. Sodium is 144. B. Potassium is 3.0. C. Chloride is 99. D. Calcium is 5.0.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Potassium is 3.0.

This is because furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) as a side effect. Hypokalemia can lead to muscle weakness, cramps, cardiac arrhythmias, and digoxin toxicity. The normal range for potassium is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.

Choice A is wrong because sodium is 144 is within the normal range of 135 to 145 mEq/L.

Choice C is wrong because chloride is 99 is within the normal range of 98 to 106 mEq/L.

Choice D is wrong because calcium is 5.0 is within the normal range of 4.5 to 5.5 mg/dL.

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Which dessert choice by a client who is prescribed a low-fat diet indicates the client understands the dietary instructions?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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