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Which diagnostic finding is related to the accumulation of the products of inflammation during typical pneumonia?

A.

Consolidation

B.

Exudation

C.

Pneumonia

D.

Hemoptysis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Consolidation refers to the accumulation of inflammatory products, such as exudate, in the alveoli of the lungs, which is a hallmark finding in pneumonia. It appears as a dense, solid area on chest X-ray and indicates that the lung tissue has become filled with fluid, pus, and cellular debris.  

B. Exudation is the process by which fluid and cells leak out of blood vessels into the surrounding tissues, which is part of the inflammatory response in pneumonia. However, consolidation is the specific diagnostic finding that results from exudation in pneumonia.  

C. Pneumonia is the overall condition being described, but it is not the diagnostic finding itself. Consolidation is the key radiological and clinical finding in pneumonia.  

D. Hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, can occur in some cases of pneumonia, but it is not a typical or defining diagnostic finding of pneumonia. It is more often associated with conditions like tuberculosis or lung cancer.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Immunodeficiency does not directly cause endocrine disorders, although some immune system issues can affect endocrine function, such as in autoimmune diseases.

B. Adenomas (benign tumors) are the most common cause of endocrine disorders, as they can overproduce hormones or disrupt normal gland function, leading to conditions like hyperthyroidism or Cushing's disease.

C. Surgical removal of endocrine glands may cause endocrine disorders, but it is a result of treatment rather than a common cause.

D. Infection can lead to endocrine disorders, particularly in cases of infectious diseases affecting specific glands (e.g., thyroiditis), but it is not the most common cause overall.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Bacteria are not typically detected by a guaiac stool test. Bacterial infections may be diagnosed with a stool culture or other microbiological tests.

B. The guaiac stool test is used to detect hidden (occult) blood in the stool, which can be a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding, such as from ulcers, polyps, or cancer.

C. Steatorrhea refers to the presence of excess fat in the stool, which can be detected by other tests, such as fecal fat analysis, not a guaiac test.

D. Parasites are usually detected through stool microscopy or stool ova and parasite (O&P) tests, not a guaiac test.

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