Which disease is communicable and paralyzes muscles as early as six hours from exposure?
Botulism
Malaria
Lyme disease
West Nile virus
The Correct Answer is A
A. Botulism:
Botulism (caused by Clostridium botulinum) is a communicable disease that produces a toxin leading to rapid muscle paralysis, often starting within 6 hours of ingestion.
B. Malaria:
Malaria is a parasitic disease transmitted by mosquitoes that causes fever, chills, and anemia, not muscle paralysis.
C. Lyme disease:
Lyme disease, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi from tick bites, leads to joint pain, neurologic symptoms, and erythema migrans, but not acute paralysis.
D. West Nile virus:
West Nile virus can cause encephalitis and muscle weakness, but the paralysis onset is usually slower, not typically within 6 hours.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Seizures and dilated (fixed) pupils:
These findings suggest severe neurological injury, such as brain herniation, not a TIA.
B. Double-vision and disorientation:
TIA often presents with neurological deficits like visual disturbances (double vision), disorientation, weakness, and slurred speech, which resolve within 24 hours.
C. Tinnitus and Diarrhea:
These symptoms are not typical for TIA; tinnitus relates to ear problems, and diarrhea relates to GI issues.
D. Clear speech and 2+ deep tendon reflex response:
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Xanthelasma and Jaundice:
Xanthelasma (cholesterol deposits near the eyes) and jaundice (yellow skin from liver dysfunction) are not signs of DVT.
B. Itching and dark-colored:
Itching and discoloration can occur with chronic venous insufficiency, but acute DVT typically presents with pain, swelling, and tenderness.
C. Flank Pain and Arcus Senilis:
Flank pain suggests kidney issues, and arcus senilis (white ring around the cornea) is an age-related eye finding, not DVT.
D. Edema and tenderness over a vein:
Swelling (edema) and tenderness over the affected vein are classic signs of a DVT.
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