Which disorder would the nurse suspect in a patient complaining of intense headaches, bloodshot eyes, and blurred vision? This is considered a medical emergency.

Detached retina

Macular degeneration

Cataracts

Angle-closure glaucoma

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: A detached retina is a serious condition that occurs when the retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye, separates from its underlying support tissue. It can cause vision loss or blindness if not treated promptly. However, it does not usually cause intense headaches or bloodshot eyes, but rather flashes of light, floaters, or a curtain-like shadow over the visual field.

Choice B reason: Macular degeneration is a common eye disorder that affects the macula, the central part of the retina that is responsible for sharp and detailed vision. It can cause blurred or distorted vision, especially in the center of the visual field. However, it does not usually cause intense headaches or bloodshot eyes, but rather difficulty reading, recognizing faces, or seeing colors.

Choice C reason: Cataracts are cloudy areas in the lens of the eye that can impair vision. They are usually related to aging, but can also be caused by other factors such as diabetes, trauma, or radiation. They can cause blurred or dim vision, sensitivity to light, or halos around lights. However, they do not usually cause intense headaches or bloodshot eyes, but rather gradual and painless vision loss.

Choice D reason: Angle-closure glaucoma is a type of glaucoma that occurs when the drainage angle of the eye becomes blocked, causing a sudden increase in the pressure inside the eye. It can damage the optic nerve and lead to permanent vision loss if not treated immediately. It can cause intense headaches, bloodshot eyes, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, or seeing rainbow-colored rings around lights. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection that affects the lungs, but it is not a chronic condition and does not cause airflow obstruction. It is not included in the diagnosis of COPD.

Choice B reason: Bacterial pneumonia is a bacterial infection that causes inflammation and fluid accumulation in the lungs, but it is not a chronic condition and does not cause permanent damage to the airways. It is not included in the diagnosis of COPD.

Choice C reason: Bronchial asthma is a chronic condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, resulting in difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness. It is one of the main conditions that make up COPD, along with chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Choice D reason: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that causes tuberculosis, a serious disease that affects the lungs and other organs. It is not a chronic condition and does not cause airflow obstruction. It is not included in the diagnosis of COPD.

A. The use of restraints on older patients helps prevent injuries from falls. B. About 50% to 70% of falls in hospitals occur while transferring between bed and chair. C. Falls that do not cause physical injury are not significant. D. The get-up-and-go test provides a measure of a patient's energy and initiative. E. None of the above.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A: The use of restraints on older patients helps prevent injuries from falls - This statement is not true. The use of restraints can increase the risk of injury and is generally discouraged¹.

Choice B: About 50% to 70% of falls in hospitals occur while transferring between bed and chair - This statement is true. Transfers are a high-risk activity for falls, and appropriate precautions should be taken¹.

Choice C: Falls that do not cause physical injury are not significant - This statement is not true. Even falls without injury can have significant psychological impacts, leading to fear of falling and reduced mobility¹.

Choice D: The get-up-and-go test provides a measure of a patient's energy and initiative - This statement is not true. The get-up-and-go test is used to assess a person's mobility and balance, not their energy and initiative¹.

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Which disorder would the nurse suspect in a patient complaining of intense headaches, bloodshot eyes, and blurred vision? This is considered a medical emergency.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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