An Angina Pectoris patient begins taking nifedipine [Procardia] a calcium channel blocker, along with metoprolol, to treat hypertension. The nurse understands that metoprolol is used to:
prevent constipation.
minimize gingival hyperplasia.
prevent recurrent chest pain
reduce flushing.
The Correct Answer is C
(A) Prevent constipation: Calcium channel blockers can cause constipation, but metoprolol does not prevent it.
(B) Minimize gingival hyperplasia: Gingival hyperplasia is a side effect of calcium channel blockers, but metoprolol does not counteract it.
(C) Prevent recurrent chest pain: Nifedipine can cause reflex tachycardia, which increases myocardial oxygen demand. Metoprolol (a beta-blocker) prevents this by slowing the heart rate and reducing myocardial workload, thereby preventing angina.
(D) Reduce flushing: Flushing is a side effect of nifedipine, but metoprolol is not used for this purpose.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]
Explanation
A. White Rice: Low in potassium and phosphorus, making it a safe choice.
B. Baked Salmon: High in phosphorus, which should be limited in CKD.
C. Spinach: High in oxalates, which can contribute to kidney stones.
D. Apples: Low in potassium and safe for CKD patients.
E. Bananas: High in potassium, which can cause dangerous levels in CKD.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
(A) Lethargy: More common in hypercalcemia.
(B) Hypertension: Hypocalcemia is more likely to cause hypotension due to reduced contractility.
(C) Bone Pain: More common in hypercalcemia due to bone resorption.
(D) Positive Chvostek’s Sign: Facial twitching when tapping the facial nerve is a classic sign of hypocalcemia.
(E) Constipation: Hypocalcemia is associated with diarrhea, not constipation.
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