Which factor is linked to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Obesity, age over 40 and female gender.
Accelerated gastric emptying
Incompetent rectal sphincter
Drinking 12 cans of beer per day.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Obesity, age over 40, and female gender: While obesity and age can be risk factors for GERD, gender alone is not a significant factor. Excessive alcohol consumption, as indicated in option D, is a stronger link to GERD.
B. Accelerated gastric emptying: This is incorrect. GERD is more commonly associated with delayed gastric emptying or increased acid production rather than accelerated gastric emptying.
C. Incompetent rectal sphincter: This is incorrect. GERD is associated with an incompetent lower esophageal sphincter, not the rectal sphincter.
D. Drinking 12 cans of beer per day: Excessive alcohol consumption can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and increase the risk of GERD by allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The patient is now sleepy and won't wake up: Increased drowsiness or difficulty waking up could indicate worsening of the hemorrhagic stroke, potentially due to increased intracranial pressure or a secondary brain injury.
B. Identification of an elevated serum cholesterol level: Elevated cholesterol is a risk factor for ischemic strokes but is not a direct indicator of complications from a hemorrhagic stroke.
C. The presence of nausea and a headache: This could be a common symptom following a hemorrhagic stroke but is not necessarily a specific indicator of a complication.
D. A complaint of neck pain and light intolerance: These symptoms are less specific to complications of a hemorrhagic stroke and could be related to other issues.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Low T4, High TSH: This pattern is seen in primary hypothyroidism, where the thyroid gland is underactive.
B. Low T4, high calcitonin: This choice is unrelated to the typical lab findings in Graves' disease. Calcitonin levels are not commonly assessed in thyroid disorders like Graves' disease.
C. High PSA and estrogen levels: PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) and estrogen levels are unrelated to Graves' disease, which is an autoimmune hyperthyroid condition.
D. High T4, low TSH: Graves' disease is characterized by hyperthyroidism, where T4 (thyroxine) levels are elevated, and TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone) levels are suppressed due to the negative feedback mechanism.
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