Which manifestations (S&S) alert the nurse to the possibility of pancreatitis in the patient who has elevated serum amylase and lipase levels?

Non-bloody diarrhea with abdominal cramps.

Belching and burping within one hour after eating.

Severe epigastric pain that radiates to his back.

Heartburn that worsens when lying down

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Non-bloody diarrhea with abdominal cramps: These symptoms are not typical of pancreatitis. They are more common in gastrointestinal infections or irritable bowel syndrome.

B. Belching and burping within one hour after eating: These symptoms are usually associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or dyspepsia, not pancreatitis.

C. Severe epigastric pain that radiates to his back: Severe epigastric pain that radiates to the back is a hallmark symptom of acute pancreatitis.

D. Heartburn that worsens when lying down: This symptom is more characteristic of GERD rather than pancreatitis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Positive Brudzinski's sign: A positive Brudzinski's sign, which involves involuntary flexion of the hips and knees when the neck is flexed, is a common finding in meningitis (both viral and bacterial).

B. Dysarthria and double vision: These symptoms are not typical of viral meningitis; they are more often associated with neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis.

C. Petechiae and purpura: These are more commonly associated with bacterial meningitis, particularly meningococcal meningitis, rather than viral meningitis.

D. Positive Babinski's reflex: A positive Babinski’s reflex indicates an upper motor neuron lesion and is not specific to meningitis.

A. adherence to a low-fat diet. B. the administration of clot busting drugs. C. reporting any signs of heat or cold intolerance. D. avoiding red wine and chocolate.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Adherence to a low-fat diet: The patient likely experienced a transient ischemic attack (TIA), which is a warning sign for future strokes. A low-fat diet is recommended to help manage cholesterol and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and stroke.

B. The administration of clot-busting drugs: Clot-busting drugs (thrombolytics) are used in the acute management of a stroke, but this patient’s symptoms resolved spontaneously, and the focus is on prevention.

C. Reporting any signs of heat or cold intolerance: This is unrelated to the prevention of stroke or management after a TIA.

D. Avoiding red wine and chocolate: While moderation in alcohol and certain foods is generally advised for overall health, this specific recommendation does not address the primary concern of preventing future cerebrovascular events.

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Which manifestations (S&S) alert the nurse to the possibility of pancreatitis in the patient who has elevated serum amylase and lipase levels?

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