Which is a management goal for the care of a 3-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome?

Reduce blood pressure.

Increase excretion of urinary protein.

Increase ability of tissues to retain fluid.

Reduce excretion of urinary protein.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason:

Reducing blood pressure is not a primary management goal for nephrotic syndrome in children. While hypertension can be a complication of nephrotic syndrome, the main focus of treatment is on managing proteinuria, edema, and preventing complications. Blood pressure management may be necessary, but it is not the primary goal.

Choice B reason:

Increasing the excretion of urinary protein is not a desired goal in the management of nephrotic syndrome. In fact, one of the main objectives is to reduce proteinuria (excessive protein in the urine) because it leads to hypoalbuminemia (low levels of albumin in the blood) and edema. Therefore, increasing urinary protein excretion would worsen the condition.

Choice C reason:

Increasing the ability of tissues to retain fluid is not a management goal for nephrotic syndrome. The condition is characterized by edema due to fluid retention, and the goal is to reduce this edema by managing proteinuria and using diuretics if necessary. Therefore, increasing fluid retention would be counterproductive.

Choice D reason:

Reducing the excretion of urinary protein is a primary management goal for nephrotic syndrome1. Proteinuria is a hallmark of the condition, and reducing it helps to alleviate hypoalbuminemia and edema. Treatment often includes corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and protein leakage, as well as other medications to manage symptoms and prevent complications.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Removing the harness several times a day is not recommended. The Pavlik harness should be worn continuously as prescribed by the doctor to ensure proper hip development. Removing it frequently can disrupt the treatment and may lead to complications.

Choice B Reason:

Placing a superabsorbent disposable diaper over the harness is important to keep the harness clean and dry. This helps prevent skin irritation and maintains hygiene. It is essential to ensure that the diaper is properly positioned to avoid any interference with the harness.

Choice C Reason:

Returning to the clinic every 12 weeks for adjustment of the harness is not accurate. Typically, follow-up visits are more frequent, especially in the initial stages of treatment. Regular adjustments are necessary to ensure the harness is fitting correctly and effectively promoting hip development.

Choice D Reason:

Applying lotion or powder to minimize skin irritation is not recommended. Lotions and powders can accumulate and cause further irritation or infection. Instead, keeping the skin clean and dry is the best way to prevent irritation while using the Pavlik harness.

A. A 7-year-old child who has diabetes insipidus and a urine specific gravity of 1.016 B. A 4-year-old child who has asthma and a PCO2 of 37 mm Hg C. A 1-year-old toddler who has roseola and a temperature of 39°C (102.2°F) D. A 10-year-old child who has sickle cell anemia and reports 8 out of 10 chest pain

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

A 7-year-old child with diabetes insipidus and a urine specific gravity of 1.016 is not in immediate danger. Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely diluted urine. A urine specific gravity of 1.016 is within the normal range (1.005 to 1.030). Therefore, this child does not require immediate assessment.

Choice B reason:

A 4-year-old child with asthma and a PCO2 of 37 mm Hg is also not in immediate danger. Asthma is a chronic condition that can cause difficulty breathing, but a PCO2 level of 37 mm Hg is within the normal range (35-45 mm Hg). This indicates that the child’s respiratory status is currently stable, and immediate assessment is not required.

Choice C reason:

A 1-year-old toddler with roseola and a temperature of 39°C (102.2°F) is experiencing a common viral infection that typically causes a high fever followed by a rash. While the fever is high, it is not uncommon for roseola and can be managed with antipyretics and supportive care. This child does not require immediate assessment.

Choice D reason:

A 10-year-old child with sickle cell anemia reporting 8 out of 10 chest pain is in immediate danger and requires urgent assessment. Chest pain in a child with sickle cell anemia can indicate acute chest syndrome, a severe and potentially life-threatening complication. Acute chest syndrome is characterized by chest pain, fever, and respiratory distress, and it requires prompt medical intervention. Therefore, this child should be assessed first.

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Which is a management goal for the care of a 3-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching a family how to care for their infant in a Pavlik harness to treat developmental dysplasia of the hip. Which instruction should be included in the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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