Which would the nurse recommend to prevent urinary tract infections in young girls?

Choice A reason:

Extra insulin is not typically required during exercise for children with type 1 diabetes. In fact, exercise can lower blood glucose levels, and administering extra insulin could increase the risk of hypoglycemia. It is important to monitor blood glucose levels before, during, and after exercise to adjust insulin doses as needed, but extra insulin is generally not necessary.

Choice B reason:

Exercise usually lowers blood glucose levels rather than increasing them1. Physical activity helps the body use glucose more efficiently, which can lead to a decrease in blood glucose levels. However, it is important to monitor blood glucose levels closely, as some high-intensity exercises can cause temporary increases in blood glucose due to the release of stress hormones.

Choice C reason:

Extra snacks are needed before exercise to prevent hypoglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes. Consuming a carbohydrate snack before physical activity helps maintain stable blood glucose levels during exercise. The amount of carbohydrates needed can vary based on the intensity and duration of the exercise, so it is important to monitor blood glucose levels and adjust snack intake accordingly.

Choice D reason:

Exercise should not be restricted for children with type 1 diabetes. Regular physical activity is important for overall health and can help improve insulin sensitivity, cardiovascular health, and overall well-being. With proper planning and monitoring, children with type 1 diabetes can safely participate in a wide range of physical activities.

Choice A reason:

Compartment syndrome is a condition where increased pressure within a muscle compartment leads to decreased blood flow, which can cause muscle and nerve damage. It is typically associated with severe trauma, fractures, or crush injuries. The symptoms include severe pain, swelling, and decreased sensation or movement in the affected limb. In this case, the child’s symptoms of redness, swelling, and tenderness following a spider bite, along with an elevated WBC, are more indicative of an infection rather than compartment syndrome.

Choice B Reason:

Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone, which can occur following an injury or infection elsewhere in the body. The symptoms include redness, swelling, tenderness, and pain in the affected area, along with fever and elevated WBC. Given the child’s history of a spider bite and the presence of redness, swelling, tenderness, and elevated WBC, osteomyelitis is the most likely diagnosis. The unremarkable X-ray does not rule out osteomyelitis, as early stages of the infection may not show changes on X-ray.

Choice C Reason:

Osteogenesis imperfecta, also known as brittle bone disease, is a genetic disorder characterized by fragile bones that break easily. It is not associated with infections or elevated WBC. The symptoms of osteogenesis imperfecta include frequent fractures, blue sclerae, and hearing loss. The child’s symptoms of redness, swelling, and tenderness following a spider bite, along with an elevated WBC, are not consistent with osteogenesis imperfecta.

Choice D Reason:

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a type of arthritis that occurs in children. It is characterized by persistent joint inflammation, pain, and swelling. While JIA can cause joint tenderness and swelling, it is not typically associated with a recent injury or infection, such as a spider bite. Additionally, JIA does not usually cause elevated WBC. The child’s symptoms are more indicative of an infection, making osteomyelitis the more likely diagnosis.