Which is the most common symptom of lung cancer?

A. Have the client refrain from talking for 24 hr.: This is unnecessary; the client may talk once the effects of the local anesthetic wear off, typically within an hour or two after the procedure.
B. Withhold food and liquids until the client's gag reflex returns: This is the most important action to prevent aspiration. After a bronchoscopy, the throat is anesthetized, and eating or drinking before the gag reflex returns increases the risk of aspiration.
C. Irrigate the client's throat every 4 hr.: This is not a routine post-procedure intervention and could be uncomfortable for the client.
D. Suction the client's oropharynx frequently: Suctioning should only be performed if the client has difficulty clearing secretions. There is no routine need for frequent suctioning after a bronchoscopy unless clinically indicated.

A. Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal glands that can cause excessive production of catecholamines (such as norepinephrine and epinephrine), leading to a hypertensive crisis. This condition can cause severe hypertension, headaches, palpitations, and sweating.
B. Adrenal insufficiency is typically associated with low blood pressure, not hypertension. It is characterized by symptoms like weakness, fatigue, and hypotension, which are not linked to hypertensive crises.
C. Hypothyroidism is associated with low blood pressure and bradycardia, not an increased risk of hypertensive crisis. It typically leads to symptoms like weight gain, fatigue, and cold intolerance.
D. Diabetes insipidus is a condition that leads to excessive urination and thirst due to a lack of antidiuretic hormone, but it does not directly lead to a hypertensive crisis. It is primarily concerned with electrolyte imbalance and dehydration.