Which is the safest sleep aid for the elderly patient with insomnia?

Choice A reason: This is the correct choice because melatonin is the safest sleep aid for the elderly patient with insomnia. Melatonin is a natural hormone that regulates the sleep-wake cycle. It has few side effects and interactions, and does not cause dependence or withdrawal. Melatonin can improve the quality and duration of sleep, and reduce the time to fall asleep.

Choice B reason: This is an incorrect choice because temazepam is not the safest sleep aid for the elderly patient with insomnia. Temazepam is a benzodiazepine that enhances the activity of GABA, a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity. It has many side effects and interactions, and can cause dependence, tolerance, or withdrawal. Temazepam can also impair cognitive and motor functions, and increase the risk of falls, fractures, and delirium.

Choice C reason: This is an incorrect choice because trazodone is not the safest sleep aid for the elderly patient with insomnia. Trazodone is an antidepressant that blocks the reuptake of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that regulates mood and sleep. It has many side effects and interactions, and can cause orthostatic hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, priapism, or serotonin syndrome. Trazodone can also impair cognitive and motor functions, and increase the risk of falls, fractures, and delirium.

Choice D reason: This is an incorrect choice because triazolam is not the safest sleep aid for the elderly patient with insomnia. Triazolam is a benzodiazepine that enhances the activity of GABA, a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity. It has many side effects and interactions, and can cause dependence, tolerance, or withdrawal. Triazolam can also impair cognitive and motor functions, and increase the risk of falls, fractures, and delirium.

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Presbyopia is not a term for age-related hearing loss. Presbyopia is a term for age-related vision loss. Presbyopia is a condition where the lens of the eye becomes less flexible and less able to focus on near objects. It can cause difficulty in reading, writing, or doing other close-up tasks.

Choice B reason: This is correct. Presbycusis is a term for age-related hearing loss. Presbycusis is a condition where the inner ear or the auditory nerve degenerates over time. It can cause difficulty in hearing high-pitched sounds, speech, or background noise. It can also affect the balance and the quality of life.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Meniere’s disease is not a term for age-related hearing loss. Meniere’s disease is a term for a disorder of the inner ear that causes episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and ear fullness. It can affect people of any age, but it is more common in middle-aged adults. It can be triggered by stress, infection, or allergy.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Tinnitus is not a term for age-related hearing loss. Tinnitus is a term for a ringing, buzzing, or other sound in the ears or head that is not caused by an external source. It can affect people of any age, but it is more common in older adults. It can be caused by various factors, such as noise exposure, ear infection, medication, or hearing loss.