A patient is admitted to the ED (emergency department) with an intracranial problem. Upon arrival the RN (registered nurse) immediately ensures that the head of the bed is elevated at 35 degrees. Identify the pathophysiological rational for this intervention?

Elevating the head of the bed promotes venous return and helps increase the ICP.

Elevation of the head of the bed aids in maintaining cerebral perfusion.

Elevation of the head of the bed will increase intracranial pressure (ICP).

The nurse should keep the head of the bed flat to ensure adequate arterial circulation.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Elevating the head of the bed promotes venous return and helps increase the ICP: This is incorrect. Elevation of the head of the bed helps to decrease intracranial pressure (ICP) by promoting venous drainage rather than increasing it.

B. Elevation of the head of the bed aids in maintaining cerebral perfusion: Elevating the head of the bed helps to decrease ICP, which in turn aids in maintaining adequate cerebral perfusion pressure.

C. Elevation of the head of the bed will increase intracranial pressure (ICP): This is incorrect. Elevation of the head of the bed is intended to reduce ICP, not increase it.

D. The nurse should keep the head of the bed flat to ensure adequate arterial circulation: This is incorrect. Keeping the head of the bed flat can increase ICP, which is counterproductive in managing intracranial pressure.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Moon face, buffalo hump, and hyperglycemia: These manifestations are associated with Cushing's disease, not Addison's disease.

B. Hirsutism, fever, and irritability: These symptoms are not characteristic of Addison's disease.

C. Anorexia, fatigue, and hypotension: Addison's disease often presents with symptoms like anorexia, fatigue, hypotension, and hyperpigmentation of the skin.

D. Tachycardia, exophthalmos, and goiter: These symptoms are associated with hyperthyroidism, not Addison's disease.

A. Tetany of the hands with a positive Chvostek sign B. Polyuria, sweating and dry mucous membranes C. Forgetfulness, depression and anemia D. Nervousness, irritability, and diarrhea

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Tetany of the hands with a positive Chvostek sign: Tetany and a positive Chvostek sign are more associated with hypocalcemia rather than Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

B. Polyuria, sweating, and dry mucous membranes: These symptoms are more indicative of hyperthyroidism or diabetes rather than hypothyroidism, which is characteristic of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

C. Forgetfulness, depression, and anemia: Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which causes hypothyroidism, can lead to symptoms like forgetfulness, depression, and anemia due to reduced thyroid hormone levels.

D. Nervousness, irritability, and diarrhea: These symptoms are associated with hyperthyroidism rather than hypothyroidism.

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A patient is admitted to the ED (emergency department) with an intracranial problem. Upon arrival the RN (registered nurse) immediately ensures that the head of the bed is elevated at 35 degrees. Identify the pathophysiological rational for this intervention?

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A patient is admitted to the ED (emergency department) with an intracranial problem. Upon arrival the RN (registered nurse) immediately ensures that the head of the bed is elevated at 35 degrees. Identify the pathophysiological rational for this intervention?