Which medication blocks the efflux (outflow) of potassium at the heart muscle?

Choice A reason:
Nonadherence to the antiviral regimen could result in suboptimal control of the HIV infection, but it is not typically associated with symptoms of increased hunger, thirst, and frequent urination. Therefore, this choice does not explain the patient's symptoms.
Choice B reason:
An allergic reaction might cause a variety of symptoms, such as rash, itching, or swelling, but it would not typically cause increased hunger, thirst, and frequent urination. This choice is incorrect as it does not align with the presented symptoms.
Choice C reason:
Pancreatic infiltration by HIV is a rare and serious condition that can lead to various metabolic complications, but it is not a common cause of the specific symptoms described (increased hunger, thirst, and frequent urination). This choice is not consistent with the patient's symptoms.
Choice D reason:
Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, can cause symptoms like increased hunger, thirst, and frequent urination. These symptoms are indicative of diabetes, which can be a side effect of some antiviral medications, particularly protease inhibitors used in HIV treatment. Therefore, this choice accurately reflects the patient's symptoms and is the correct answer.

Choice D reason: The backup of pancreatic enzymes is the initial trigger for tissue damage in pancreatitis. When these enzymes become activated within the pancreas, they begin to digest pancreatic tissue, leading to inflammation and damage.
Choice A reason: Insulin toxicity is not a cause of tissue damage in pancreatitis. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels and does not play a role in the initial damage seen in pancreatitis.
Choice B reason: Autoimmune destruction of the pancreas is associated with conditions like type 1 diabetes, not pancreatitis. Pancreatitis is primarily caused by the premature activation of digestive enzymes within the pancreas.
Choice C reason: Hydrochloric acid reflux into the pancreatic duct is not a known cause of pancreatitis. The condition is related to the digestive enzymes produced by the pancreas itself, not stomach acid.