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Which of the following is NOT a component of the immune system?

A.

Lymphocytes

B.

Antigens

C.

Hormones

D.

Antibodies

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Explanation: Hormones are chemical messengers produced by the endocrine system to regulate various physiological processes in the body. While the endocrine system and immune system can influence each other's activities, hormones are not considered a direct component of the immune system.

Incorrect choices:

a. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell and a critical component of the immune system. They include B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells, which play essential roles in immune responses.

b. Antigens are molecules or substances that can trigger an immune response in the body. They are recognized by the immune system as foreign or non-self and can elicit the production of antibodies.

d. Antibodies are proteins produced by B cells in response to the presence of antigens. They play a vital role in recognizing and neutralizing foreign substances in the body.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Explanation: Healthcare workers are recommended to receive the hepatitis B vaccine to protect against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which can be transmitted through contact with infected blood or body fluids.

Incorrect choices:

a. The influenza vaccine is recommended annually for healthcare workers to protect against seasonal flu, not hepatitis B.

b. The tetanus toxoid vaccine protects against tetanus, not hepatitis B.

d. The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine protects against pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria, not hepatitis B.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Explanation: The secondary immune response provides long-lasting immunity because of the presence of memory B cells and memory T cells. These memory cells "remember" the specific antigen and can quickly mount a strong and effective immune response upon re-exposure to the same antigen, providing long-term protection.

Incorrect choices:

a. The primary immune response is primarily mediated by IgM antibodies, while the secondary immune response involves the predominance of IgG antibodies, which are more effective and provide long-lasting immunity.

b. The secondary immune response occurs after the primary immune response and is faster, not slower, due to the presence of memory cells.

c. Memory cells are a key component of the secondary immune response, playing a central role in providing rapid and robust immunity.

VI. Immune Disorders and Clinical Considerations:

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