Which of the following descriptions best describes a prototype evaluation system?

A. Horizontal violence, also known as lateral violence, refers to aggressive or disruptive behavior between colleagues at the same level, such as between nurses. Since the head nurse is in a superior position and the staff nurse is a subordinate, the behavior described does not fit the definition of horizontal violence.
B. Bullying involves repeated, intentional actions that undermine or belittle another person. The head nurse’s comments about the staff nurse’s credibility to other staff members could be considered a form of bullying, especially if this behavior is persistent and aims to undermine the staff nurse’s professional reputation or confidence.
C. Confrontation is a direct approach to addressing disagreements or conflicts between individuals. It involves discussing differing views openly and is intended to resolve issues through dialogue. In this
case, the head nurse’s behavior does not involve direct confrontation with the staff nurse about the disagreement but rather involves undermining the staff nurse's credibility behind their back.
D. Mediation is a process where a neutral third party helps facilitate communication and negotiation between conflicting parties to reach a resolution. The behavior described does not involve mediation; instead, it involves negative comments and undermining behavior without seeking resolution or involving a mediator.

A. Waiting to empty a colostomy bag until it is completely full can lead to complications such as leakage, skin irritation, or infection. This practice does not effectively save resources and could potentially increase overall costs due to additional care needs and complications.
B. Encouraging clients to receive an annual flu immunization is an appropriate and effective method to reduce costs. Vaccinations help prevent the spread of infectious diseases, which can reduce the incidence of illness and the associated costs of treatment and hospitalizations.
C. Re-using personal protective equipment (PPE) is not safe or recommended. PPE is designed for single- use to prevent the spread of infections and ensure the safety of both healthcare workers and patients. Re-using PPE, even if it is not visibly soiled, compromises infection control standards and can lead to increased costs and health risks if infections occur. This approach is neither cost-effective nor safe.
D. Head-to-toe assessments are critical for patient evaluation and require the expertise and judgment of a licensed nurse. Delegating this responsibility to assistive personnel (AP) is inappropriate and could jeopardize patient safety. While delegating tasks to APs can help manage workload, it is important to assign tasks within the scope of their training and responsibilities.