Which of the following is a common cause of cardiogenic shock?

Anaphylaxis

Hypovolemia

Pulmonary embolism

Myocardial infarction

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

D. Myocardial infarction (heart attack) is a common cause of cardiogenic shock. In myocardial infarction, part of the heart muscle becomes ischemic or necrotic due to occlusion of a coronary artery. This leads to impaired cardiac function and reduced cardiac output, resulting in cardiogenic shock. Prompt recognition and treatment of myocardial infarction are crucial to prevent or manage cardiogenic shock.
A. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can lead to systemic vasodilation and distributive shock, but it is not a common cause of cardiogenic shock. In anaphylaxis, the primary mechanism of shock is typically related to widespread vasodilation and increased vascular permeability rather than impaired cardiac function.
B. Hypovolemic shock occurs due to a decrease in intravascular volume, leading to inadequate tissue perfusion. It is not a common cause of cardiogenic shock, as the underlying mechanism is different. In hypovolemic shock, the primary issue is the loss of circulating blood volume, whereas cardiogenic shock involves impaired cardiac function.
C. Pulmonary embolism can lead to acute right heart strain or failure, which may result in hemodynamic instability and shock. However, pulmonary embolism typically causes obstructive shock rather than cardiogenic shock. Obstructive shock occurs when blood flow is obstructed, such as by a pulmonary embolism, leading to reduced cardiac output.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Monitoring central venous pressure (CVP) is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with a pulmonary artery catheter. While the pulmonary artery catheter primarily provides information about pulmonary artery pressures and cardiac output, it can also be used to measure central venous pressure. Monitoring CVP can help assess the patient's fluid status, right ventricular function, and response to fluid resuscitation. This intervention is directly relevant to the presence of the pulmonary artery catheter and helps guide patient management.

A. Assist with ambulation: It's not typically appropriate to assist a patient with ambulation while they have a pulmonary artery catheter in place. This catheter is inserted into the pulmonary artery and is used to monitor various hemodynamic parameters such as pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac output, and mixed venous oxygen saturation. Ambulation could disrupt the catheter placement or lead to complications such as bleeding or dislodgement.

B. Administering a diuretic medication may not be directly related to the presence of a pulmonary artery catheter. The use of diuretics is typically based on the patient's clinical condition and the healthcare provider's assessment of their fluid status and renal function. While information obtained from the pulmonary artery catheter, such as pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac output, may inform the decision-making process regarding diuretic therapy, the catheter itself does not dictate the administration of diuretics.

C. Administering a vasopressor medication may be appropriate for a patient with a pulmonary artery catheter if they are experiencing hypotension or shock. However, the decision to administer vasopressors should be based on the patient's hemodynamic parameters as assessed through the pulmonary artery catheter monitoring, along with clinical judgment and consideration of the underlying cause of the hypotension.

A. Intracranial pressure B. Renal function C. Spinal cord perfusion D. Hemodynamic status

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. A pulmonary artery catheter is used to monitor hemodynamic status. It provides valuable information about cardiac function, preload, afterload, and cardiac output. By measuring parameters such as pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery wedge pressure, and central venous pressure, a pulmonary artery catheter helps assess the effectiveness of cardiac function and guide management in critically ill patients, especially those with conditions such as heart failure, shock, or pulmonary hypertension.

A. A pulmonary artery catheter, also known as a Swan-Ganz catheter, is not used to monitor intracranial pressure. Instead, it is primarily used to assess hemodynamic status and cardiac function by measuring parameters such as pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery wedge pressure, central venous pressure, and cardiac output.

B. A pulmonary artery catheter is not used to directly monitor renal function. While changes in hemodynamic status can impact renal perfusion and function, the primary purpose of a pulmonary artery catheter is to assess cardiac function and hemodynamics, rather than renal function.

C. A pulmonary artery catheter is not used to monitor spinal cord perfusion. Although alterations in hemodynamic status can affect spinal cord perfusion indirectly, the main purpose of a pulmonary artery catheter is to evaluate cardiac function and hemodynamics.

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Which of the following is a common cause of cardiogenic shock?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with a pulmonary artery catheter?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is preparing a client for transfer to the ICU for placement of a pulmonary artery catheter. The nurse should explain to the client that this catheter is used to monitor which of the following conditions?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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