Which of the following is a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs)?

Choice a reason: CAPD is not typically the treatment of choice for a client who has a history of abdominal trauma. Abdominal trauma can cause complications and may affect the peritoneal cavity's ability to act as a dialyzing membrane, making peritoneal dialysis less suitable. Clients with a history of abdominal issues may be better suited for other forms of dialysis, such as hemodialysis.
Choice b reason: The dialyzing solution in CAPD does not infuse using an infusion pump. Instead, it is infused into the peritoneal cavity by gravity through a catheter. The client manually controls the infusion process by hanging the dialysate bag at an appropriate height to allow gravity to facilitate the flow of the solution into the peritoneal cavity.
Choice c reason: The dialysis is continuous 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. CAPD involves multiple exchanges of dialysate throughout the day, with each dwell time typically lasting 4-6 hours. The process is continuous, providing ongoing filtration and waste removal, which helps manage the symptoms and complications of chronic kidney disease.
Choice d reason: The dialyzing solution is not suspended at the level of the umbilicus during the infusion. Instead, the dialysate bag is typically hung higher than the client's abdomen to use gravity for infusion. The height of the bag helps control the flow rate of the solution into the peritoneal cavity. Proper technique is essential to ensure effective dialysis and prevent complications.

Choice a reason: Administering the IV dye and closely monitoring the client for any allergic reactions is not the appropriate action. If the client has a known allergy to the dye, administering it can provoke a severe allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening. Preemptively administering the dye without addressing the allergy can lead to significant risk for the patient and is not recommended.
Choice b reason: Administering a small test dose of the IV dye to determine if the client has a reaction is also inappropriate. A known allergy to IV dye should not be tested in this way, as even a small amount can trigger an allergic response. Allergic reactions to IV dye can be severe and testing the reaction is not a safe or effective approach.
Choice c reason: Notifying the healthcare provider and radiology department about the client's allergy is the appropriate action. This ensures that alternative imaging techniques or different contrast agents can be used to avoid triggering an allergic reaction. This step is essential for ensuring patient safety and effective care.
Choice d reason: Continuing with the CT scan as scheduled since IV dye allergies are rare and unlikely to occur is incorrect. If a client has a known allergy, disregarding this and proceeding with the scan poses a significant risk. Even if such allergies are rare, they can be severe, and patient safety protocols must be followed to prevent harm.