Which of the following is a serious potential complication of gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD)?

Choice A rationale

Hyperparathyroidism can be caused by a thyroid tumor, which results in excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and elevated calcium levels (nih.gov, n.d.).

Choice B rationale

Hypertension refers to high blood pressure and is not a cause of hyperparathyroidism (nih.gov, n.d.).

Choice C rationale

Pancreatic tumors can lead to endocrine disorders, such as insulinomas or glucagonomas, but do not directly cause hyperparathyroidism (nih.gov, n.d.).

Choice D rationale

Lung infections are not directly associated with the development of hyperparathyroidism (nih.gov, n.d.). .

Choice A rationale

Hyperkalemia, or high levels of potassium in the blood, is not a clinical manifestation of Cushing syndrome.

Choice B rationale

Thin skin that bruises easily is indeed a common symptom of Cushing syndrome. The condition causes the skin to become thin and fragile, leading to easy bruising.

Choice C rationale

A round, “moon face” appearance is another common symptom of Cushing syndrome. This is caused by the redistribution of fat to certain areas of the body, including the face.

Choice D rationale

Weight loss is not typically associated with Cushing syndrome. In fact, weight gain, particularly in the trunk of the body, is a more common symptom.

Choice E rationale

A fatty pad between the shoulders, often referred to as a “buffalo hump,” is a common symptom of Cushing syndrome. This is also due to the redistribution of fat in the body.