Which of the following is a true statement about heart disease in Kenya?

Any exertion on the part of an older adult with heart disease can result in death.

Myocardial infarction has many other names, such as heart attack, cardiac arrest, or coronary thrombosis.

Both excessive undernutrition and overnutrition can contribute to heart disease.

A person with diabetes should have their blood pressure checked regularly.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because any exertion on the part of an older adult with heart disease does not necessarily result in death. Exertion can increase the oxygen demand of the heart and cause angina, or chest pain, but it can also be beneficial for the cardiovascular health and fitness of the older adult, if done within the limits of their tolerance and under medical supervision.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because myocardial infarction is not the same as heart attack, cardiac arrest, or coronary thrombosis, although they are related terms. Myocardial infarction is the medical term for the death of a part of the heart muscle due to lack of blood supply. Heart attack is the common term for myocardial infarction. Cardiac arrest is the sudden loss of heart function, which can be caused by myocardial infarction or other factors. Coronary thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot in a coronary artery, which can lead to myocardial infarction.

Choice C reason: This is correct because both excessive undernutrition and overnutrition can contribute to heart disease. Undernutrition can cause malnutrition, anemia, and low immunity, which can increase the risk of infections and inflammation that can damage the heart. Overnutrition can cause obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol, which can increase the risk of atherosclerosis and hypertension that can impair the blood flow to the heart.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect because a person with diabetes should have their blood pressure checked regularly, but this is not a statement about heart disease in Kenya. Diabetes is a risk factor for heart disease, as it can damage the blood vessels and nerves that control the heart. However, this statement is applicable to any person with diabetes, regardless of their location.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Functional incontinence refers to a situation in which the lower urinary tract is intact, but the individual is unable to reach the toilet because of environmental barriers, physical limitations, or severe cognitive impairment. This is the most likely type of incontinence for an older female adult with severe cognitive impairments, as she may not be aware of her bladder sensations, forget where the bathroom is, or have difficulty communicating her needs.

Choice B reason: Stress incontinence is when urine leaks when you exert pressure on your bladder by coughing, sneezing, laughing, exercising or lifting something heavy. This is not the most likely type of incontinence for an older female adult with severe cognitive impairments, as it is not related to her cognitive status, but rather to the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles and the urethral sphincter.

Choice C reason: Postvoid residual is when the bladder does not empty completely after urination, causing frequent or constant dribbling of urine. This is not the most likely type of incontinence for an older female adult with severe cognitive impairments, as it is not related to her cognitive status, but rather to the obstruction of the bladder outlet, the underactivity of the bladder muscle, or the dysfunction of the bladder nerves.

Choice D reason: Urge incontinence is when you have a sudden, intense urge to urinate followed by an involuntary loss of urine. This is not the most likely type of incontinence for an older female adult with severe cognitive impairments, as it is not related to her cognitive status, but rather to the overactivity of the bladder muscle, the irritation of the bladder lining, or the infection of the urinary tract.

Choice E reason: None of the above is not the correct answer, as there is one choice that is the most likely type of incontinence for an older female adult with severe cognitive impairments.

A. Sunken eyes B. Lower extremity weakness C. High fever D. Cough

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Sunken eyes are a sign of dehydration because the fluid loss causes the eyes to lose their shape and appear hollow. This is especially noticeable in older adults who have less fat and muscle around the eyes.

Choice B reason: Lower extremity weakness is a sign of dehydration because the fluid loss affects the blood volume and circulation, leading to reduced oxygen and nutrient delivery to the muscles. This can cause muscle fatigue, cramps, and weakness.

Choice C reason: High fever is not a sign of dehydration, but rather a possible cause of dehydration. Fever increases the body temperature and metabolic rate, which leads to increased sweating and fluid loss. However, fever itself does not indicate dehydration, unless it is accompanied by other signs and symptoms.

Choice D reason: Cough is not a sign of dehydration, but rather a possible cause of dehydration. Coughing can cause fluid loss through the respiratory tract, especially if it is productive or associated with vomiting. However, cough itself does not indicate dehydration, unless it is accompanied by other signs and symptoms.

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Which of the following is a true statement about heart disease in Kenya?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

You are taking care of an older female adult with severe cognitive impairments. She is unable to tell you when she needs to urinate and, as a result, is often incontinent. What do you realize she is experiencing?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

Which disorder would the nurse suspect in a patient complaining of intense headaches, bloodshot eyes, and blurred vision? This is considered a medical emergency.

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