Which of the following is considered a risk factor for COPD?

Hypertension

Male

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency

History of Pulmonary Embolism

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hypertension is not a direct risk factor for COPD. However, COPD and hypertension can coexist, especially in smokers.
B. Being male was once associated with a higher COPD prevalence, but COPD affects both sexes, especially as smoking habits have become more equal.
C. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is correct. AAT deficiency is a genetic disorder that leads to early-onset emphysema, even in non-smokers. It impairs the lungs' ability to protect themselves from enzymatic damage.
D. History of pulmonary embolism is not a primary risk factor for COPD, though lung damage from recurrent emboli can contribute to respiratory issues.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) is a marker for heart failure, not the primary diagnostic test for myocardial infarction (MI).
B. Total Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) was historically used but is not specific for MI and has been replaced by troponin testing.
C. Troponin is correct. Cardiac-specific troponins (Troponin I and Troponin T) are the gold standard for detecting myocardial injury. Elevated levels indicate myocardial damage and are crucial for diagnosing MI.
D. Creatinine is important for assessing kidney function but is not a marker for myocardial infarction.

A. Immediately notify the provider B. Clamp the chest tube near the water seal C. Continue to monitor the client D. Reposition the client toward the left side

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Immediately notify the provider . A rise in the water seal chamber with inspiration (tidaling) is a normal finding, indicating proper function of the chest drainage system. There is no need for immediate provider notification.
B. Clamp the chest tube near the water seal . Clamping the chest tube can lead to a tension pneumothorax by trapping air inside the pleural space. This action is only done temporarily for specific indications, such as assessing for an air leak or changing the drainage system.
C. Continue to monitor the client . Tidaling (fluctuation of water with inspiration and expiration) is expected in the water seal chamber. The nurse should continue to monitor for any sudden cessation of tidaling (which may indicate obstruction) or continuous bubbling (which may indicate an air leak).
D. Reposition the client toward the left side . Position changes do not affect normal tidaling in a functioning chest tube system. However, frequent repositioning is encouraged to promote lung expansion.

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Which of the following is considered a risk factor for COPD?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client came into the emergency room with a possible myocardial infarction. The provider orders a series of blood tests to be drawn, which lab should the nurse anticipate will be drawn?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has a closed chest tube system. Which of the following actions should the nurse take after noticing a rise in the water seal chamber with client inspiration? Utilize image to see area that is being described.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The emergency room nurse is assessing a client with jugular venous distention, ascites, shortness of breath, and a 3-pound weight gain in the past 24 hours. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate being ordered?

The nurse is caring for a client status/post a Myocardial Infarction who is questioning procedures utilized for treatment. Which of the following statements correctly explains a Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)?

A nurse in an emergency department is planning care for a client who is having an acute myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse should plan to administer which of the following medications after the initial acute phase to manage the client's pain and anxiety?

What is the underlying rationale for why a nurse assesses a client with emphysema for clinical indicators of hypoxia?

Which statement indicates to the nurse the client diagnosed with sleep apnea needs further teaching?

Which diagnostic test may be prescribed to evaluate for the presence of a pulmonary embolism?

The nurse is providing education to a client on ways to prevent the development of a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following statements would require further teaching?

The nurse and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are caring for an elderly client diagnosed with emphysema. Which nursing tasks could be delegated to the UAP to improve gas exchange? (Select All that Apply)