Which of the following is included in the diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Choice A rationale
While trying to look on the bright side can be a helpful strategy, it does not necessarily demonstrate empathy. Empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of another person.
Choice B rationale
Telling someone they will feel better soon can be seen as dismissive of their current feelings and does not demonstrate empathy.
Choice C rationale
Saying “It must be difficult for you going through this” is an empathetic response because it acknowledges the person’s feelings and shows understanding of their situation.
Choice D rationale
While expressing sorrow for someone’s loss can be seen as sympathetic, it does not necessarily demonstrate empathy. Empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of another person.

Choice A rationale
Transference refers to a situation where the feelings, desires, and expectations of a person are unconsciously redirected and applied to another person. In this case, the nurse is not redirecting their feelings towards the patient, but rather reacting to the patient’s actions.
Choice B rationale
Countertransference refers to the emotional reaction of the healthcare provider towards the patient. In this case, the nurse’s hostility and anger towards the patient who has sexually abused a child is an example of countertransference.
Choice C rationale
Resistance refers to an attempt to prevent undesirable thoughts from becoming conscious. In this case, the nurse is not trying to prevent undesirable thoughts, but rather reacting to the patient’s actions.
Choice D rationale
Noncompliance refers to a patient’s failure to follow medical advice. In this case, the nurse is not failing to follow medical advice, but rather reacting to the patient’s actions.