In which of the following respiratory system components does gas exchange occur?
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar sacs
Pleura
Pulmonary veins
The Correct Answer is B
A. Respiratory bronchioles are part of the lower respiratory tract and lead to alveolar sacs, but they themselves are not primarily responsible for gas exchange. Their role is in the conduction of air.
B. Alveolar sacs are the primary site of gas exchange in the lungs. These sacs contain alveoli, where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the air and the blood. This is the correct answer.
C. The pleura are double-layered membranes surrounding the lungs and do not play a direct role in gas exchange. They reduce friction and allow for smooth lung expansion.
D. Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart, but gas exchange occurs in the alveolar sacs, not the veins.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The minor calyx collects urine from the renal papillae (tips of the renal pyramids), but it is not the structure immediately before the ureter. It connects to the major calyx.
B. Renal pyramids are structures within the kidney that contain the renal tubules and are involved in the filtration and excretion process. However, they do not directly connect to the ureter.
C. The major calyx is a larger collecting area formed by the union of several minor calyces. It channels urine into the renal pelvis but is not directly before the ureter.
D. The renal pelvis is the funnel-shaped structure that collects urine from the major calyces and funnels it into the ureter. It is the anatomical structure immediately before the ureter, which then carries urine to the bladder.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The thyroid gland functions only as an endocrine gland. It secretes hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) into the bloodstream, but it does not have an exocrine function.
B. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones into the bloodstream but does not have exocrine functions.
C. The hypothalamus is involved in hormone production and regulation but is considered part of the brain rather than an endocrine or exocrine gland itself.
D. The pancreas functions as both an endocrine and exocrine gland. It produces insulin and glucagon (endocrine functions) and secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine through ducts (exocrine function).
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