In which of the following areas of the kidney does most of the reabsorption of water occur?
Bowman's capsule
Proximal convoluted tubules
Renal pelvis
Ascending loop of Henle
The Correct Answer is B
A. Bowman's capsule is the site of initial filtration in the kidney, where blood plasma is filtered into the nephron. However, it does not participate in the reabsorption of water.
B. The proximal convoluted tubules are where the majority of water, along with glucose, amino acids, and ions, is reabsorbed. This segment is crucial for maintaining fluid balance in the body.
C. The renal pelvis is a funnel-like structure that collects urine from the collecting ducts and channels it into the ureter for excretion. It does not play a role in reabsorption.
D. The ascending loop of Henle is primarily involved in the reabsorption of salts (sodium and chloride), but not water, as it is impermeable to water. Water reabsorption occurs in other parts of the nephron, such as the proximal convoluted tubule and the descending loop of Henle.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Luteinizing hormone (LH) is involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and ovulation, but it is not responsible for uterine contractions or milk production.
B. Lactogen (also known as human placental lactogen) is produced during pregnancy and helps prepare the breasts for milk production, but it does not trigger uterine contractions.
C. Oxytocin plays a key role in both uterine contractions during labor and milk ejection during breastfeeding. It is sometimes referred to as the "love hormone" because it is also involved in bonding and emotional connections.
D. Prolactin is responsible for stimulating milk production in the mammary glands, but it does not cause uterine contractions. Oxytocin is the hormone responsible for that function.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The atrioventricular (AV) valves separate the atria from the ventricles. The right AV valve is called the tricuspid valve, and the left AV valve is the mitral valve. These valves ensure that blood flows from the atria into the ventricles without flowing back. This is the correct answer.
B. The pulmonary valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. It does not separate the atria and ventricles.
C. The aortic valve separates the left ventricle from the aorta and prevents blood from flowing back into the ventricle after contraction. It does not separate the atrial and ventricular chambers.
D. The semilunar valves, which include the pulmonary and aortic valves, are located at the exit of the ventricles but do not separate the atria from the ventricles.
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