In which of the following areas of the kidney does most of the reabsorption of water occur?
Bowman's capsule
Proximal convoluted tubules
Renal pelvis
Ascending loop of Henle
The Correct Answer is B
A. Bowman's capsule is the site of initial filtration in the kidney, where blood plasma is filtered into the nephron. However, it does not participate in the reabsorption of water.
B. The proximal convoluted tubules are where the majority of water, along with glucose, amino acids, and ions, is reabsorbed. This segment is crucial for maintaining fluid balance in the body.
C. The renal pelvis is a funnel-like structure that collects urine from the collecting ducts and channels it into the ureter for excretion. It does not play a role in reabsorption.
D. The ascending loop of Henle is primarily involved in the reabsorption of salts (sodium and chloride), but not water, as it is impermeable to water. Water reabsorption occurs in other parts of the nephron, such as the proximal convoluted tubule and the descending loop of Henle.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. After passing through the proximal convoluted tubule, the filtrate enters the Loop of Henle, where further reabsorption of water and solutes occurs. This is the next step in the nephron's sequence.
B. The collecting duct comes much later in the nephron pathway, receiving filtrate after the distal convoluted tubule. It is not the immediate successor to the proximal convoluted tubule.
C. The glomerulus is the site where blood filtration begins, preceding the proximal convoluted tubule, so the filtrate does not return here.
D. Bowman's capsule collects the initial filtrate from the glomerulus before it enters the proximal convoluted tubule, making it an earlier step in the nephron process.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. When the inspiratory muscles contract, the length of the thoracic cavity actually increases, not decreases, as the diaphragm moves downward and the ribs expand.
B. When the diaphragm contracts (during inspiration), it moves downward into the abdomen, not upward.
C. The correct action is that the contraction of the inspiratory muscles (including the diaphragm and external intercostals) increases the diameter of the thoracic cavity, allowing for the expansion of the lungs to draw in air.
D. The chest cavity does not compress the lungs during inspiration; rather, it allows for the lungs to expand as air is drawn in.
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