In which of the following areas of the kidney does most of the reabsorption of water occur?
Bowman's capsule
Proximal convoluted tubules
Renal pelvis
Ascending loop of Henle
The Correct Answer is B
A. Bowman's capsule is the site of initial filtration in the kidney, where blood plasma is filtered into the nephron. However, it does not participate in the reabsorption of water.
B. The proximal convoluted tubules are where the majority of water, along with glucose, amino acids, and ions, is reabsorbed. This segment is crucial for maintaining fluid balance in the body.
C. The renal pelvis is a funnel-like structure that collects urine from the collecting ducts and channels it into the ureter for excretion. It does not play a role in reabsorption.
D. The ascending loop of Henle is primarily involved in the reabsorption of salts (sodium and chloride), but not water, as it is impermeable to water. Water reabsorption occurs in other parts of the nephron, such as the proximal convoluted tubule and the descending loop of Henle.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Myelin is a fatty substance that wraps around axons in many neurons. It acts as an insulative covering that speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses by enabling the signal to jump between gaps in the myelin (called nodes of Ranvier). This is the correct answer.
B. The synapse is the junction between two neurons where signals are transmitted. It is not involved in the insulative covering of a neuron.
C. The axon is the long, slender part of a neuron that transmits electrical signals, but it requires myelin to efficiently conduct those signals.
D. Dendrites are branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons. They do not have an insulative function.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive functions, including emotional regulation, problem-solving, decision-making, and controlling emotional responses. A frontal-lobe injury can impair emotional stability, making it difficult for the individual to manage emotions appropriately. This is the correct answer.
B. Speech comprehension is primarily associated with the temporal lobe, particularly in areas like Wernicke’s area, not the frontal lobe.
C. Vision is processed in the occipital lobe, so a frontal-lobe injury would not typically affect vision.
D. Swallowing involves motor control that is often linked to the brainstem, not the frontal lobe.
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