Which of the following is true about the structures of the digestive tract?
The stomach wall is thrown into folds called villi and microvilli
The esophagus connects the pharynx with the trachea
The pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve are located at the entrance and exit of the small intestine
The cecum and colon are parts of the small intestine
The Correct Answer is C
A. The stomach wall is thrown into folds called villi and microvilli: Villi and microvilli are found in the small intestine, not the stomach. The stomach has rugae.
B. The esophagus connects the pharynx with the trachea: The esophagus connects the pharynx to the stomach; the trachea connects to the lungs.
C. The pyloric sphincter and ileocecal valve are located at the entrance and exit of the small intestine: The pyloric sphincter regulates entry from the stomach to duodenum, and the ileocecal valve controls flow from the ileum to cecum.
D. The cecum and colon are parts of the small intestine: They are parts of the large intestine, not the small intestine.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Stomach: The stomach regulates the release of chyme into the duodenum via the pyloric sphincter, controlling the rate of gastric emptying.
B. Liver: The liver produces bile, but does not handle chyme or food bolus movement.
C. Colon: The colon processes waste after absorption and doesn’t interact with chyme from the stomach.
D. Esophagus: The esophagus moves food from the mouth to the stomach but does not regulate chyme delivery to the small intestine.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Large intestine, excretion: The large intestine mainly absorbs water and forms feces; it does not have villi.
B. Pancreas, release of hormones: The pancreas releases insulin and glucagon but has no villi and is not directly involved in nutrient absorption.
C. Small intestine, absorption: Villi are fingerlike projections that line the small intestine to increase surface area for absorption of nutrients.
D. Gallbladder, production of bile: The liver produces bile; the gallbladder only stores it. Villi are not involved.
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