Which of the following must be immediately performed in a patient who has just been intubated? (select all that apply)

A. Decreases contractility: This is incorrect because ACE inhibitors do not directly affect myocardial contractility. They primarily work on the vascular system.

B. Increases preload: This is incorrect as ACE inhibitors do not increase preload. They may decrease preload by reducing fluid retention.

C. Decreased afterload: ACE inhibitors lower systemic vascular resistance (afterload) by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. This reduces the workload on the heart.

D. Increases sympathetic stimulation: This is incorrect because ACE inhibitors actually reduce sympathetic stimulation by preventing the vasoconstrictive and sodium-retaining effects of angiotensin II.

A. Dark colored urine: Dark urine can be a sign of bilirubin buildup in the body due to liver dysfunction, commonly seen in cirrhosis.

B. Dark colored stool: This is not typically associated with cirrhosis. Dark stools can indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, but in cirrhosis, stools are more likely to be pale or clay-colored due to a lack of bile.

C. Jaundice: Jaundice occurs due to the liver's inability to process bilirubin, leading to yellowing of the skin and eyes.

D. Pruritus: Pruritus, or itching, is common in cirrhosis due to bile salt deposition in the skin.

E. Ascites: Ascites, the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, is a common complication of cirrhosis due to portal hypertension and low albumin levels.