Which of the following describes why an ACE inhibitor is prescribed to a patient with Heart Failure?

decreases contractility

increases preload

decreased afterload

increases sympathetic stimulation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Decreases contractility: This is incorrect because ACE inhibitors do not directly affect myocardial contractility. They primarily work on the vascular system.

B. Increases preload: This is incorrect as ACE inhibitors do not increase preload. They may decrease preload by reducing fluid retention.

C. Decreased afterload: ACE inhibitors lower systemic vascular resistance (afterload) by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. This reduces the workload on the heart.

D. Increases sympathetic stimulation: This is incorrect because ACE inhibitors actually reduce sympathetic stimulation by preventing the vasoconstrictive and sodium-retaining effects of angiotensin II.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. An increase in O2 saturation to greater than 90%: An increase in oxygen saturation is typically a positive sign and does not indicate worsening heart failure.

B. The onset of atrial fibrillation: The development of atrial fibrillation in a patient with heart failure is a sign of worsening heart failure, as it indicates increased atrial pressure and the potential for further hemodynamic compromise.

C. Louder S1 and S2 heart sounds: Louder heart sounds do not specifically indicate worsening heart failure. They may vary based on other factors such as body habitus or the position of the patient.

D. A decrease in heart rate to 66 bpm: A heart rate of 66 bpm is within the normal range and does not suggest worsening heart failure.

A. Assess the cause of the agitation. B. Reassure the client that he or she is safe. C. Restrain the client's hands. D. Sedate the client immediately.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Assess the cause of the agitation: This is the most appropriate action. Agitation in a mechanically ventilated patient can be due to multiple causes, such as pain, hypoxia, or discomfort. It is crucial to assess and identify the underlying cause to address it appropriately.

B. Reassure the client that he or she is safe: While reassurance is important, it may not address the root cause of the agitation, especially if it is related to a physical issue such as hypoxia or tube displacement.

C. Restrain the client's hands: Restraining should be a last resort after other interventions have failed. Restraints can cause further agitation and distress.

D. Sedate the client immediately: Sedating the client without assessing the cause of the agitation could mask serious issues and lead to inappropriate treatment.

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Which of the following describes why an ACE inhibitor is prescribed to a patient with Heart Failure?

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