Which of the following signs/symptoms would not be seen in a patient with cirrhosis?
dark coloured urine
dark coloured stool
jaundice
pruritis
ascites
The Correct Answer is B
A. Dark colored urine: Dark urine can be a sign of bilirubin buildup in the body due to liver dysfunction, commonly seen in cirrhosis.
B. Dark colored stool: This is not typically associated with cirrhosis. Dark stools can indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, but in cirrhosis, stools are more likely to be pale or clay-colored due to a lack of bile.
C. Jaundice: Jaundice occurs due to the liver's inability to process bilirubin, leading to yellowing of the skin and eyes.
D. Pruritus: Pruritus, or itching, is common in cirrhosis due to bile salt deposition in the skin.
E. Ascites: Ascites, the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, is a common complication of cirrhosis due to portal hypertension and low albumin levels.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Administer a stat fluid challenge: This might temporarily improve cardiac output in tamponade, but it is not the primary intervention. The fluid challenge may be used as a temporary measure, but it does not address the underlying cause.
B. Place the patient in a prone position: This is incorrect and could worsen the patient's condition. The patient should be in a semi-recumbent position to decrease venous return and reduce pressure on the heart.
C. Draw a stat CBC: A CBC is not relevant to the immediate management of cardiac tamponade and does not address the urgent need to relieve the pressure on the heart.
D. Perform a stat pericardiocentesis: Pericardiocentesis is the definitive treatment for cardiac tamponade, as it removes the fluid from the pericardial space, relieving the pressure on the heart and allowing it to function properly.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hypertension: This is not a cause of high-output heart failure. Hypertension typically leads to low-output heart failure due to increased afterload, which causes the heart to work harder.
B. Severe anemia: Severe anemia causes high-output heart failure because the body compensates for the decreased oxygen-carrying capacity by increasing cardiac output.
C. Sepsis: Sepsis can lead to high-output heart failure as the body attempts to maintain perfusion in the face of widespread vasodilation.
D. Hyperthyroidism: Hyperthyroidism increases metabolic demands, which can cause high-output heart failure as the heart attempts to meet the increased needs.
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