Which of the following nursing considerations is essential for a client with osteoarthritis?
Encouraging high-impact exercises to improve joint flexibility.
Administering nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as needed for pain relief.
Promoting weight loss for clients with a body mass index (BMI) within the normal range.
Advising the client to avoid any form of physical activity to prevent further joint damage.
The Correct Answer is B
One of the main nursing considerations for a client with osteoarthritis is pain management. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to provide pain relief and reduce inflammation in individuals with osteoarthritis.
Incorrect responses:
a. Encouraging high-impact exercises is not recommended for clients with osteoarthritis. High-impact activities can cause additional stress on the affected joints and worsen the symptoms.
c. Promoting weight loss is important for overweight or obese clients with osteoarthritis to reduce joint stress. However, it is not applicable for clients with a BMI within the normal range.
d. Advising the client to avoid any form of physical activity is not recommended. Regular low-impact exercises, such as swimming or cycling, are beneficial for individuals with osteoarthritis.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Obesity is a primary risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis, particularly in weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips. Excess weight puts increased stress on the joints, leading to cartilage breakdown and the development of osteoarthritis. While age, family history, and a sedentary lifestyle can also contribute to the development of osteoarthritis, obesity is the most significant risk factor.
a. While age over 65 years is a risk factor for osteoarthritis, it is not the primary risk factor. Osteoarthritis can occur at any age, especially if other risk factors are present.
b. Family history of osteoporosis is not a primary risk factor for osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are separate conditions with different risk factors.
c. While a sedentary lifestyle can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis, it is not the primary risk factor. Obesity is a more significant risk factor in this context.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Regularly inspecting the client's skin for signs of redness or irritation is crucial to prevent skin breakdown in individuals with osteoarthritis. Since they may have difficulty changing positions frequently due to joint pain, it is essential to identify early signs of pressure sores or skin breakdown and implement appropriate interventions. Providing a firm mattress and using pressure-relieving devices (such as cushions and heel protectors) are recommended to prevent skin breakdown. Encouraging the client to sit or lie in one position for extended periods can lead to pressure ulcers. Applying lotion with a high alcohol content can dry out the skin and increase the risk of skin irritation and breakdown.
a. Providing a firm mattress and using pressure-relieving devices are essential interventions to prevent skin breakdown in clients with osteoarthritis.
b. Encouraging the client to sit or lie in one position for extended periods can lead to pressure ulcers and skin breakdown. Frequent position changes are important for preventing pressure sores.
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