Which of the following clinical manifestations is commonly seen in osteoarthritis?
Warm and swollen joints
Morning joint stiffness lasting for several hours
Red, hot, and tender joints
Crepitus during joint movement
The Correct Answer is D
Crepitus, a crackling or grating sensation during joint movement, is a common clinical manifestation of osteoarthritis. It occurs due to the irregular surfaces of the joint caused by cartilage degeneration.
a. Warm and swollen joints are characteristic of inflammatory arthritis conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis.
b. Morning joint stiffness lasting for several hours is typical of inflammatory arthritis conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis.
c. Red, hot, and tender joints are signs of inflammation and are more commonly seen in inflammatory arthritis conditions, not osteoarthritis.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Assisting the client with range-of-motion exercises regularly is an essential nursing intervention to promote joint mobility and reduce stiffness in individuals with osteoarthritis. These exercises help maintain joint flexibility and prevent further joint contractures. Encouraging the client to avoid physical activity can lead to joint stiffness and worsen the symptoms of osteoarthritis. Applying cold packs can provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation, but it is not a primary intervention to promote joint mobility. Administering muscle relaxants may not be the best approach to address joint stiffness in osteoarthritis.
a. Encouraging the client to avoid physical activity is not recommended. Regular low-impact exercises, such as swimming or walking, are beneficial for joint health and mobility in clients with osteoarthritis.
b. Applying cold packs can provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation but is not a primary intervention for promoting joint mobility in osteoarthritis.
d. Administering muscle relaxants may not be the best approach for addressing joint stiffness in osteoarthritis. Range-of-motion exercises and physical therapy are more effective interventions for improving joint mobility.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Obesity is a primary risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis, particularly in weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips. Excess weight puts increased stress on the joints, leading to cartilage breakdown and the development of osteoarthritis. While age, family history, and a sedentary lifestyle can also contribute to the development of osteoarthritis, obesity is the most significant risk factor.
a. While age over 65 years is a risk factor for osteoarthritis, it is not the primary risk factor. Osteoarthritis can occur at any age, especially if other risk factors are present.
b. Family history of osteoporosis is not a primary risk factor for osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are separate conditions with different risk factors.
c. While a sedentary lifestyle can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis, it is not the primary risk factor. Obesity is a more significant risk factor in this context.
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