Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases is caused by a protozoal infection?
Gonorrhea.
Chlamydia.
Trichomoniasis.
Syphilis.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium *Neisseria gonorrhoeae*. This gram-negative diplococcus primarily infects mucous membranes of the reproductive tract, mouth, and rectum, leading to symptoms like discharge and dysuria. It is not caused by a protozoan.
Choice B rationale
Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium *Chlamydia trachomatis*. This bacterium infects columnar epithelial cells, particularly in the genitourinary tract, often leading to asymptomatic infections or symptoms like urethritis and cervicitis. It is not a protozoal infection.
Choice C rationale
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the anaerobic flagellated protozoan parasite *Trichomonas vaginalis*. This microorganism infects the urogenital tract, leading to vaginitis in females and urethritis in males, characterized by symptoms like itching, burning, and discharge.
Choice D rationale
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochete bacterium *Treponema pallidum*. This bacterium can disseminate throughout the body, causing a multi-stage disease with diverse clinical manifestations affecting skin, mucous membranes, and internal organs. It is not caused by a protozoan.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["107"]
Explanation
Step 1: The total volume to infuse is 375 mL.
Step 2: The total infusion time is 3.5 hours.
Step 3: To find the infusion pump setting in mL/hr, divide the total volume by the total time: 375 mL ÷ 3.5 hours = 107.14 mL/hr.
Step 4: Round to a whole number: 107 mL/hr. The final calculated answer is 107 mL/hr.
Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Administering diuretics in SIADH can worsen hyponatremia by promoting water excretion with a concomitant loss of sodium, further diluting serum sodium concentration. The underlying issue in SIADH is excessive antidiuretic hormone leading to water retention, not primarily excess extracellular fluid that needs diuresis.
Choice B rationale
Increasing fluid intake is contraindicated in SIADH. The syndrome involves excessive reabsorption of water, leading to dilutional hyponatremia and fluid overload. Increasing fluid intake would exacerbate these issues, further lowering serum sodium levels and potentially leading to cerebral edema.
Choice C rationale
Restricting fluid intake is a cornerstone of SIADH management. By limiting water intake, the body's excessive water retention is mitigated, allowing serum sodium concentration to rise towards normal levels. This helps prevent further dilution of electrolytes and reduces the risk of fluid overload and cerebral edema.
Choice D rationale
Administering hypertonic 3% saline is an effective treatment for symptomatic severe hyponatremia in SIADH. This solution provides a concentrated source of sodium, helping to raise serum sodium levels by drawing water out of cells and into the extracellular space, thereby correcting the dilutional hyponatremia.
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