Which of the following symptoms is indicative of right-sided heart failure?
Crackles
Orthopnea
Jugular venous distention
Blood-tinged sputum
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Crackles indicate pulmonary edema from left-sided heart failure, where fluid backs up into lungs, not right-sided failure, which affects systemic circulation instead.
Choice B reason: Orthopnea, dyspnea when lying flat, results from left-sided failure’s pulmonary congestion, not right-sided failure, which causes systemic venous pooling, not lung issues.
Choice C reason: Jugular venous distention occurs in right-sided heart failure as the right ventricle fails, backing blood into veins, elevating neck vein pressure visibly.
Choice D reason: Blood-tinged sputum suggests pulmonary edema or infarction, tied to left-sided failure or embolism, not right-sided failure’s systemic congestion pattern.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fluid restriction doesn’t address hyperkalemia (6.4 mEq/L); it may concentrate potassium further, worsening the condition, as it’s unrelated to potassium excretion or shifting in this scenario.
Choice B reason: Neomycin, an antibiotic, reduces gut bacteria but isn’t used for hyperkalemia. It has no direct effect on potassium levels, making it irrelevant for this lab finding.
Choice C reason: Kayexalate binds potassium in the gut, facilitating its fecal excretion, effectively lowering serum levels (6.4 mEq/L) in hyperkalemia, aligning with urgent correction needs here.
Choice D reason: Sodium chloride and furosemide dilute and excrete potassium via urine, but Kayexalate is preferred for rapid gut-based removal when potassium is critically high (6.4 mEq/L).
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Epigastric fullness may suggest variceal pressure, but combativeness isn’t typical early bleeding; it’s more neurological, not a direct blood loss sign.
Choice B reason: Yellow sclera and hypoalbuminemia reflect liver dysfunction, not acute bleeding; hypertension contradicts blood loss, which lowers pressure initially.
Choice C reason: Bradycardia and lethargy occur late in severe hypovolemia, not early; hypotension fits bleeding but isn’t paired with early compensatory signs here.
Choice D reason: Tachycardia compensates for early blood loss in varices, restlessness reflects hypoxia, and pallor shows reduced perfusion, all classic initial bleeding indicators.
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