Which pathology of autonomic cardiac regulation is mediated by sympathetic innervation?

Increased Ca+ influx with sympathetic stimulation that raises the heart rate.

Sympathetic activation boosts K+ efflux and increases the inotropic effect.

Sympathetic activation decreases dromotrophy by lowering conduction speed.

Increased Na+ influx with sympathetic stimulation reduces pacemaker firing.’

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A: Increased Ca+ influx with sympathetic stimulation that raises the heart rate is a manifestation of sympathetic innervation. Sympathetic activation leads to the release of norepinephrine, which enhances the influx of calcium ions (Ca+) into cardiac muscle cells, resulting in increased contractility and heart rate.

Choice B: Sympathetic activation does increase the inotropic effect (contractility) of the heart, but it is primarily mediated by the increased influx of calcium ions (Ca+).

Choice C: Sympathetic activation does not decrease dromotrophy (conduction speed). Instead, it can increase the conduction speed through the cardiac conduction system.

Choice D: Increased Na+ influx with sympathetic stimulation does not reduce pacemaker firing; instead, it contributes to the enhanced excitability and automaticity of cardiac cells.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A: Praising the client for weight loss without knowing the underlying cause may not be appropriate. Rapid and unexplained weight loss can be a sign of underlying health issues.

Choice B: Advising the client to schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider is the most appropriate action. Rapid and unexplained weight loss should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to identify any potential underlying health concerns.

Choice C: Advising the client to begin taking a multivitamin daily does not address the underlying cause of the weight loss and may not be the most appropriate action.

Choice D: Documenting the client's reason for using the herb is important but should be accompanied by further evaluation and intervention by a healthcare provider due to the significant weight loss.

A. Eat a high protein diet three times a day. B. Restrict sodium rich foods and excessive oral fluids. C. Follow low carbohydrate diet with low glycemic index foods. D. Avoid foods high in potassium.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A: A high protein diet is generally not recommended for clients with glomerulonephritis, as it can put additional strain on the kidneys.

Choice B: In glomerulonephritis, there is impaired kidney function, and sodium and fluid restrictions are often necessary to manage fluid balance and blood pressure.

Therefore, the nurse should instruct the client to restrict sodium-rich foods and excessive oral fluids.

Choice C: A low carbohydrate diet with low glycemic index foods is not a specific dietary recommendation for managing glomerulonephritis.

Choice D: Dietary potassium restriction may vary depending on the individual client's potassium levels and needs, so it should be determined by the healthcare provider. It is not a blanket recommendation for all clients with glomerulonephritis.

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Which pathology of autonomic cardiac regulation is mediated by sympathetic innervation?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client tells the nurse about taking a variety of herbal products, including milk thistle, and has lost about thirty pounds over the last month. Which action should the nurse implement?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with glomerulonephritis is preparing for discharge and asks the nurse which kind of diet to follow upon returning home. Which dietary teaching should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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