Which process leads to the development of a hypertensive crisis?
Activation of platelets
Activation of coagulation mediators
Activation of the renin-angiotensin system
Activation of rapid cell proliferation
The Correct Answer is C
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a hormonal system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance. When blood pressure is low, the kidneys secrete renin, which converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin I, which is then converted into angiotensin II by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that narrows blood vessels and increases blood pressure. It also stimulates the release of aldosterone, which increases sodium and water retention and further raises blood pressure. When the RAS is overactivated, it can lead to a hypertensive crisis, which is a severe elevation of blood pressure that can damage organs and cause stroke, heart attack, or kidney failure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
This condition is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, which can be caused by various microorganisms that enter the bloodstream from different sources. The etiologies listed above are all potential risk factors for developing endocarditis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Naïve T cells are a type of white blood cell that has not encountered a specific antigen before and are ready to respond to new infections. As people age, the number of naïve T cells decreases due to the shrinking of the thymus gland, which produces and matures T cells. This reduces the ability of the immune system to recognize and fight new pathogens and lowers the effectiveness of vaccines.
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