Match each physiological sign with the blood vessel disorder it describes.
Answer options may be used more than once or not at all. Select your answers from the
pull-down list.
Air bubble in the artery or vein
Bulging sac of blood in artery
A clot of blood in artery
Aneurysm
Correct Answer : A,B,C
a. Air bubble in the artery or vein- thromboembolism (air embolism, occurs when air
enters the bloodstream and blocks blood flow to vital organs. It can be caused by
trauma, surgery, injection, or diving)
b. Bulging sac of blood in an artery- aneurysm (it occurs when a weak spot in an artery
wall balloons out and fills with blood. It can be caused by high blood pressure,
atherosclerosis, infection, or genetic factors)
c. Clot of blood in an artery- thrombus (arterial thrombosis, which occurs when a blood
clot forms in an artery and blocks blood flow to tissues or organs. It can be caused by
atherosclerosis, injury, inflammation, or hypercoagulable states)
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Cushing syndrome is a condition that occurs when the body is exposed to high levels of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, blood pressure, immune function, and stress response.
However, excess cortisol can cause various problems, such as weight gain, moon face (round and puffy face), buffalo hump (fat accumulation on the upper back), purple striae (stretch marks), irregular periods, weakness, emotional changes, and easy bruising. One of the causes of Cushing syndrome is the overproduction of ACTH by the pituitary gland, which stimulates the adrenal glands to produce more cortisol.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
ESRD is a condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste and fluid from the blood, resulting in a buildup of toxins and fluid in the body. ESRD can cause symptoms such as lethargy, oliguria (reduced urine output), and itchy and dry skin due to uremia (high levels of urea in the blood). ESRD can also cause anemia (low levels of red blood cells), which can explain the decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit. ESRD can be caused by chronic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease, which damage the kidneys over time.
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