Which range of the normal adult dose, with the amount of medication increasing over time, is used when initiating drug therapy in elderly adults?.

One-eighth to one-fourth.

One-fourth to one-third.

One-half to three-fourths.

One-third to one-half.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:
One-eighth to one-fourth of the normal adult dose is not typically used when initiating drug therapy in elderly adults. This range might be too low to be effective.
Choice B rationale:
One-fourth to one-third of the normal adult dose is also not typically used when initiating drug therapy in elderly adults. This range might still be too low to be effective.
Choice C rationale:
One-half to three-fourths of the normal adult dose is not typically used when initiating drug therapy in elderly adults. This range might be too high and increase the risk of adverse effects.
Choice D rationale:
One-third to one-half of the normal adult dose is used when initiating drug therapy in elderly adults. This range is appropriate to balance efficacy and safety.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Decreased splanchnic blood flow can affect drug absorption and metabolism, but it does not directly increase the risk of gastric irritation from NSAIDs.

Choice B rationale:

Prolonged secretion of gastric acid can contribute to conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but it is not the primary factor increasing the risk of gastric irritation from NSAIDs in older adults.

Choice C rationale:

Delayed gastric emptying is the correct answer. It allows drugs to stay in contact with the stomach lining for a longer time, which can increase the risk of gastric irritation from NSAIDs.

Choice D rationale:

Loss of cells from the gastric plexus can affect gastric function, but it is not directly linked to an increased risk of gastric irritation from NSAIDs.

A. Metabolism of drug by the kidneys is slower, so reduced dosage is needed. B. Absorption of oral medications is more predictable but more rapid than in adults. C. There's an increased risk of toxicity with use of topical agents. D. Protein binding of drugs is greater than in adults.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
While it’s true that infants have slower drug metabolism, this is generally due to liver immaturity, not kidney function.
Choice B rationale:
Absorption of oral medications in infants can be unpredictable due to their immature digestive systems.
Choice C rationale:
Infants do have an increased risk of toxicity with the use of topical agents because their skin is thinner and more permeable.
Choice D rationale:
Protein binding of drugs is actually less in infants than in adults, not greater.

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Which range of the normal adult dose, with the amount of medication increasing over time, is used when initiating drug therapy in elderly adults?.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

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