Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate when parents of a client recently diagnosed with Down syndrome express guilt about causing the condition?

"Down syndrome is a condition caused by an extra chromosome; the cause of it is unknown."

"Down syndrome is a condition that is carried on the X chromosome, so it came from the mother."

"Down syndrome is caused by birth trauma, not by genetics."

"Down syndrome is a condition that is genetically transmitted from both the father and the mother."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: This response is the most appropriate as it correctly identifies Down syndrome as a genetic condition caused by an extra chromosome and acknowledges that the exact cause of the chromosomal abnormality is unknown.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect because Down syndrome is not carried on the X chromosome nor is it inherited from the mother alone.

Choice C reason: This statement is false; Down syndrome is not caused by birth trauma but is a genetic disorder.

Choice D reason: This choice is misleading; while genetics play a role in Down syndrome, it is not typically inherited from both parents in the way this choice suggests.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Fasciitis, inflammation of the fascia, could cause pain and possibly edema, but it typically does not cause fever.

Choice B reason: Compartment syndrome is a serious condition where increased pressure within the muscles can lead to muscle and nerve damage as well as problems with blood flow. Pain, edema, and fever could be signs of this condition, especially in a limb that is in traction.

Choice C reason: Osteochondrosis refers to a group of disorders that affect the growth of bones in children and adolescents. While it can cause pain, it does not typically cause edema or fever.

Choice D reason: Osteomyelitis, an infection in the bone, could cause pain, edema, and fever. However, the acute onset of symptoms in a limb under traction is more indicative of compartment syndrome. Osteomyelitis typically has a more gradual onset.

A. Had an upper respiratory infection with a sore throat about 3 weeks ago. B. Suffered chest trauma with a fractured rib after a bicycle accident 2 weeks ago. C. The child was born with a heart defect that was repaired at 6 months of age. D. Has had a decreasing appetite over the course of several months.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is the correct choice. Rheumatic fever is often preceded by an upper respiratory infection caused by group A Streptococcus, which can lead to a sore throat.
Choice B reason: Chest trauma and a fractured rib are not related to the development of rheumatic fever.
Choice C reason: Although a pre-existing heart defect can increase the risk of complications, it is not the cause of rheumatic fever.
Choice D reason: A decreasing appetite over several months is not specifically indicative of rheumatic fever.

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Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate when parents of a client recently diagnosed with Down syndrome express guilt about causing the condition?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which condition should the nurse suspect in a 6-year-old patient in external traction for a femur fracture who has pain and edema of the thigh and is febrile?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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