Which situation should be reported to the nursing supervisor as an exposure for the nurse caring for a patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? The nurse

was touching the client on the shoulder without gloves.

was recapping a needle before medication administration.

was not wearing a mask while in the client's room.

had fluids splashing in their eyes while emptying a bedpan.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Touching a patient’s shoulder does not pose a risk of HIV transmission, as it is not spread through casual skin contact.

B. While recapping needles is discouraged due to the risk of needlestick injury, it is not an exposure unless an actual needlestick occurs.

C. Not wearing a mask is typically not necessary in all interactions with HIV/AIDS patients unless there is an active infection requiring airborne precautions.

D. Exposure of bodily fluids to mucous membranes (such as the eyes) is a significant occupational exposure risk and should be reported. This requires immediate response and evaluation for potential infection.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While using a cane or walker may be necessary for some patients experiencing balance issues, it is not a specific instruction related to phenytoin.

B. Phenytoin dosages should not be adjusted solely based on observed seizure activity; the dose must be managed carefully based on serum drug levels and the clinician's guidance.

C. Patients on phenytoin typically require more frequent monitoring of blood levels (every 2-3 months initially) rather than annually, as maintaining therapeutic levels is essential to avoid toxicity or ineffective seizure control.

D. Regular dental visits are crucial for patients taking phenytoin because the medication can cause gingival hyperplasia (overgrowth of gum tissue), which necessitates careful dental hygiene and regular monitoring by a dentist to prevent complications.

A. "This medication will decrease how hard your heart works." B. "It is prescribed to dilate your coronary arteries." C. "It will prevent any irregular heartbeats." D. "This medication makes your heart beat more forcefully."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, decreases the heart rate and reduces myocardial oxygen demand by lowering the workload on the heart, which is beneficial for managing unstable angina.

B. While metoprolol has some vasodilatory effects, its primary action is to reduce heart workload, not to dilate coronary arteries.

C. Although beta-blockers can reduce the risk of arrhythmias, the main purpose in angina management is to decrease cardiac workload.

D. Metoprolol does not make the heart beat more forcefully; instead, it decreases the force of contraction to reduce myocardial oxygen consumption.

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ABG Value	Normal Range
pH	7.35- 7.45
PaCO2	35-45 mm Hg
HCO3	22-25 mEq/L
Base excess	-2 to +2
PaO2	80-95 mm Hg
SaO2	>95%

Which situation should be reported to the nursing supervisor as an exposure for the nurse caring for a patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)? The nurse

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a patient who was given a new medical prescription for phenytoin. What would the nurse stress in the discharge instructions regarding this medication?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with unstable angina who is prescribed metoprolol. The patient asks the nurse, "Why do I have to take this medication?" What response by the nurse is most accurate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

When considering the pharmacologic management of a patient who has sustained a traumatic head injury, the nurse can anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications to manage increases in intracranial pressure (ICP)?

The emergency department nurse is caring for a patient who has had a chemical splash in both eyes. What is the priority nursing action?

A 24-year-old patient who is an intravenous drug user asks the nurse about preventing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse informs the patient that the risk of developing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection from drug use can be reduced by:

Which behavior(s) by the patient diagnosed with a chronic head injury would the nurse expect to find?

The nurse is caring for a patient who will be discharged with a prescription for lisinopril. What discharge teaching should be provided related to this medication?

The patient who is diagnosed with a seizure disorder is prescribed a ketogenic diet. The nurse knows that the patient understands the teaching when they state, "My diet will include: