Which statement by a patient who was recently diagnosed with cancer indicates an understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer?

"My cancer is probably caused by a disorder in my hematological system."

"My cancer is probably caused by a disorder of my endocrine system."

"My cancer is probably caused by a disorder of my immune system."

"My cancer is probably caused by a disorder on my gastrointestinal system."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Hematological disorders can influence the development of certain cancers (such as leukemia), but it is not a general cause of most cancers.
B. Endocrine system disorders can sometimes contribute to hormone-driven cancers (e.g., breast or prostate cancer), but it is not the primary cause of all cancers.
C. Immune system dysfunction can lead to an increased risk of cancer. The immune system is responsible for identifying and destroying abnormal cells, so when the immune system is compromised (e.g., by immunosuppression), cancer can develop more easily.
D. Gastrointestinal system disorders may contribute to cancers of the digestive tract (e.g., colon cancer), but the statement does not reflect the broader pathogenesis of cancer, which involves complex genetic and cellular mutations.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Type 2 diabetes patients usually produce enough endogenous insulin to prevent ketosis, even during illness, but stressors like infection can trigger hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS)—a serious complication characterized by extreme hyperglycemia, dehydration, and altered mental status.
B. Ketoacidosis is more common in type 1 diabetes. Type 2 diabetics are less likely to develop it unless under severe metabolic stress and usually don’t need insulin strictly to prevent DKA.
C. Islet cell antibodies are found in type 1 diabetes, not type 2. Type 2 diabetes is not typically autoimmune.
D. Minimal or absent insulin secretion describes late-stage type 2 diabetes or type 1 diabetes. Many type 2 diabetics still produce insulin and may not require daily injections, especially early in the disease.

A. Resources for group therapy in the community B. Information about insurance coverage C. Aggressiveness of potential for self-harm D. Medication compliance

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Community resources are helpful for long-term support, but immediate safety takes precedence.
B. Insurance details are administrative and do not directly impact client safety or immediate care.
C. Clients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often exhibit impulsivity, emotional instability, and may have a high risk for self-harm or suicidal behaviors. Therefore, the potential for self-injury or aggression is the nurse’s priority to address for ensuring safety.
D. While medication compliance is part of the overall treatment plan, safety concerns like self-harm come first in priority

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Which statement by a patient who was recently diagnosed with cancer indicates an understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which statement would be correct for a patient with type 2 diabetes who was admitted to the hospital with pneumonia?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching the family of a client who has a new diagnosis of borderline personality disorder about the disorder. Which of the following information should be the nurse's priority?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient, who is admitted with diabetes mellitus, has a glucose level of 380 mg/dL and a moderate level of ketones in the urine. As the nurse assesses for signs of ketoacidosis, which respiratory pattern would the nurse expect to find?

The nurse is evaluating a 45-year-old patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which symptom reported by the patient is considered one of the classic clinical manifestations of diabetes?

A nurse is discussing the three clusters of personality disorders. Which of the following personality disorders is part of cluster C?

A nurse is providing care to a client who has acute stress disorder. Which of the following client statements is consistent with this disorder?

A nurse is caring for a female client who has bulimia nervosa and reports frequent self-induced vomiting. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is planning care for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and is in the terminal phase. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is teaching a client who was diagnosed with prolonged grief disorder about the importance of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

The nurse is caring for a patient with leukemia who is experiencing neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy. Which action should the nurse include in the plan of care for this patient?