The nurse is evaluating a 45-year-old patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which symptom reported by the patient is considered one of the classic clinical manifestations of diabetes?
Gradual weight gain
Excessive thing
Recurrent blurred vision
Overwhelming fatigue
The Correct Answer is B
A. Gradual weight gain is not a classic symptom of type 2 diabetes. Weight loss or difficulty losing weight is more commonly associated with uncontrolled diabetes.
B. Excessive thirst (polydipsia) is one of the classic clinical manifestations of diabetes, along with polyuria (frequent urination), polyphagia (increased hunger), and unexplained weight loss. It occurs as the body tries to rid itself of excess glucose through urine.
C. Recurrent blurred vision is another common symptom of diabetes, caused by changes in blood sugar levels affecting the eyes. However, it is not typically described as one of the classic clinical manifestations.
D. Overwhelming fatigue can also be a symptom of uncontrolled diabetes, as high blood sugar levels can make it difficult for the body to use glucose for energy. However, excessive thirst is a more defining symptom.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Warming the finger before puncturing it can help increase blood flow and make the process easier. This is an appropriate technique for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).
B. The center of the finger pad is not the best site for blood glucose testing. The side of the fingertip should be used instead to avoid discomfort and to prevent injury to the nerve endings found in the center of the pad.
C. Washing hands with soap and water is the proper technique for cleansing the hands before performing SMBG to reduce the risk of contamination.
D. A blood glucose level of 110 mg/dL is within the normal range for a non-diabetic person, and could indicate good control for a diabetic. This would be considered an appropriate response, especially if the reading is taken before meals.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Type 1 diabetes is not caused by a single recessive gene. It has a genetic component but typically involves multiple genes, with HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 being associated with increased risk, and is often triggered by autoimmune reactions.
B. The HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 genes are associated with an increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes, as it is an autoimmune condition that destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
C. While infections (including viral infections) can sometimes trigger the onset of type 1 diabetes, bacterial infections themselves do not cause the condition. It is autoimmune in nature, where the body attacks its insulin-producing cells.
D. Excessive heat and temperatures do not cause type 1 diabetes. The condition is driven by genetic and autoimmune factors, not environmental ones like heat.
E. Exposure to processing of metals and proteins does not cause type 1 diabetes. The disease is primarily associated with genetic predisposition and autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
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