The nurse is teaching a group of young adults regarding nonmodifiable risk factors for the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which attendee statement indicates a need for further instruction? (Select all that apply.)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus can be passed on from one recessive gene from one parent

"There are genes such as the HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 genes that can cause type 1 diabetes mellitus

"I can develop type 1 diabetes mellitus from bacterial infections.

"Type 1 diabetes mellitus can be caused by exposure to excessive heat and temperatures."

"Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by exposure to processing of metals and proteins."

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,E

A. Type 1 diabetes is not caused by a single recessive gene. It has a genetic component but typically involves multiple genes, with HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 being associated with increased risk, and is often triggered by autoimmune reactions.
B. The HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 genes are associated with an increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes, as it is an autoimmune condition that destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
C. While infections (including viral infections) can sometimes trigger the onset of type 1 diabetes, bacterial infections themselves do not cause the condition. It is autoimmune in nature, where the body attacks its insulin-producing cells.
D. Excessive heat and temperatures do not cause type 1 diabetes. The condition is driven by genetic and autoimmune factors, not environmental ones like heat.
E. Exposure to processing of metals and proteins does not cause type 1 diabetes. The disease is primarily associated with genetic predisposition and autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Parkinsonism includes motor symptoms like tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia, not sudden confusion. The presentation does not clearly indicate parkinsonism.
B. Alzheimer’s disease is progressive and develops gradually over months to years. A sudden onset of confusion suggests another cause, such as delirium, stroke, or medication-related effects, and should prompt further investigation.
C. Alzheimer’s disease does occur in African American clients, often at higher rates and with earlier onset compared to other populations. This is not a reason to question the diagnosis.
D. Liver function tests may be part of a general workup, but their absence does not specifically disqualify an AD diagnosis

A. Lower than normal expected reference range of body weight B. Dental decay C. Hyperkalemia D. Amenorrhea

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While individuals with bulimia nervosa may experience fluctuations in their weight, they are not typically significantly underweight like those with anorexia nervosa. They often maintain a weight within or slightly below the normal range.
B. Dental decay is a common finding in people with bulimia nervosa due to self-induced vomiting, which exposes the teeth to stomach acid. This acid can erode enamel, leading to cavities, tooth decay, and other dental issues.
C. Hyperkalemia is not typically associated with bulimia nervosa. Hypokalemia (low potassium) is more common in bulimia, especially due to vomiting and laxative use, which can lead to significant potassium depletion.
D. Amenorrhea is more common in anorexia nervosa, where extreme malnutrition often leads to the cessation of menstruation. In bulimia nervosa, menstrual irregularities may occur, but complete amenorrhea is not as typical as in anorexia.

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The nurse is teaching a group of young adults regarding nonmodifiable risk factors for the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which attendee statement indicates a need for further instruction? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

After 1 week of sudden continuous mental confusion, an older African American client is admitted with a preliminary diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). What should cause the nurse to question this diagnosis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a female client who has bulimia nervosa and reports frequent self-induced vomiting. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which statement would be correct for a patient with type 2 diabetes who was admitted to the hospital with pneumonia?

The nurse recognizes that statistics from the American Cancer Society demonstrate that males are at greater risk for the development of which types of cancer? (Select All that Apply.)

During a treatment meeting in an oncology unit, the nurse learns that a patient is scheduled for chemotherapy before surgery. What are the purposes for this patient to receive chemotherapy at this specific time?

The nurse teaches a patient about the different routes of transmission. Which patient statement indicates correct understanding of contact transmission?

An older client who lives with a caregiver is admitted to an emergency department with a fractured arm. The client is soaked in urine and has dried fecal matter on lower extremities. The client is 6 feet tall and weighs 120 pounds. Which condition would the nurse suspect?

A nurse is teaching a client who was diagnosed with prolonged grief disorder about the importance of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which information should the nurse include regarding the pathophysiology of the disease?

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