Which statement regarding the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system is correct?

Carbon dioxide levels are higher in the alveoli during inhalation.

Alveoli collapse during the inhalation cycle.

Oxygen moves from the alveoli to the capillaries.

Exhaling carbon dioxide requires effort.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:

During inhalation, carbon dioxide levels are lower in the alveoli due to the exchange of gases. The higher concentration of carbon dioxide is found in the blood, which diffuses into the alveoli for elimination during exhalation.

Choice B rationale:

Alveoli do not collapse during the inhalation cycle. Surfactant, a substance produced by type II alveolar cells, reduces surface tension and prevents alveoli from collapsing, ensuring efficient gas exchange.

Choice C rationale:

Oxygen moves from the alveoli to the capillaries, while carbon dioxide moves from the capillaries to the alveoli. This exchange of gases occurs due to differences in partial pressures, facilitating the uptake of oxygen by red blood cells and the removal of carbon dioxide from the body.

Choice D rationale:

Exhaling carbon dioxide is a passive process that does not require significant effort. The respiratory muscles relax during exhalation, allowing the lungs to passively expel carbon dioxide from the body as a waste product of metabolism.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The correct technique for using an incentive spirometer involves placing the mouthpiece in the mouth and inhaling slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece. This helps the client to take deep breaths, expand their lungs, and improve lung function. By inhaling through the mouthpiece, the client maximizes the benefits of the incentive spirometer, preventing complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia.

Choice B rationale:

Setting an alarm to ring every hour at night is not relevant to using the incentive spirometer. The frequency of using the incentive spirometer should be determined based on the healthcare provider's recommendation and the client's condition. Using it too frequently or infrequently can both have negative consequences.

Choice C rationale:

Using the incentive spirometer only when shortness of breath occurs is not the correct approach. Incentive spirometry is a preventive measure used to maintain lung function and prevent respiratory complications, especially after surgery. Waiting until shortness of breath occurs might be too late to prevent complications effectively.

Choice D rationale:

Inhaling normally and then coughing forcefully into the mouthpiece of the device is not the correct technique for using an incentive spirometer. Coughing into the device can damage it and render it ineffective. Inhaling deeply and slowly through the mouthpiece is the correct method to encourage optimal lung expansion and prevent respiratory complications.

A. Avoid assisting the patient to walk if they are restless. B. Discourage the family from staying with the patient. C. Move the patient to a room farther away from the nurses station. D. Ask the family what movies or music the patient would enjoy and offer them.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Avoiding assisting a restless patient to walk does not address the issue of patient confusion and the risk of falling. Restless patients might need assistance, and refusing to help them walk could lead to further complications or falls.

Choice B rationale:

Discouraging the family from staying with the patient does not promote patient safety. Family members can provide additional support and supervision, reducing the risk of falls for a confused patient.

Choice C rationale:

Moving the patient farther away from the nurses' station does not address the patient's confusion or the risk of falling. It might even increase the response time in case of an emergency.

Choice D rationale:

Asking the family about the patient's preferences for movies or music and offering these activities is an appropriate way to engage the patient without resorting to restraints. Providing stimulating and enjoyable activities can help distract and calm the patient, reducing restlessness and the risk of falls.

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Which statement regarding the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system is correct?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is teaching the client to use an incentive spirometer.What would the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nursing staff are caring for a confused patient who is at risk for falling.What action by the nurse would be appropriate in order to avoid restraining the patient?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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