Which statement regarding the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system is correct?
Carbon dioxide levels are higher in the alveoli during inhalation.
Alveoli collapse during the inhalation cycle.
Oxygen moves from the alveoli to the capillaries.
Exhaling carbon dioxide requires effort.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
During inhalation, carbon dioxide levels are lower in the alveoli due to the exchange of gases. The higher concentration of carbon dioxide is found in the blood, which diffuses into the alveoli for elimination during exhalation.
Choice B rationale:
Alveoli do not collapse during the inhalation cycle. Surfactant, a substance produced by type II alveolar cells, reduces surface tension and prevents alveoli from collapsing, ensuring efficient gas exchange.
Choice C rationale:
Oxygen moves from the alveoli to the capillaries, while carbon dioxide moves from the capillaries to the alveoli. This exchange of gases occurs due to differences in partial pressures, facilitating the uptake of oxygen by red blood cells and the removal of carbon dioxide from the body.
Choice D rationale:
Exhaling carbon dioxide is a passive process that does not require significant effort. The respiratory muscles relax during exhalation, allowing the lungs to passively expel carbon dioxide from the body as a waste product of metabolism.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Placing pillows under the patient's hips and knees before turning is a common practice to maintain proper body alignment during the logrolling procedure. However, it is not the priority step. Placing the pillows is a part of the procedure but does not address the primary concern.
Choice B rationale:
Turning the patient only to the right side and never to the left is incorrect. Patients should be turned gently and carefully to either side, depending on the situation and the patient's condition. Restricting the movement to only one side can cause discomfort and potential injury to the patient.
Choice C rationale:
Raising the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees before turning is a good practice to prevent aspiration and facilitate breathing. However, it is not the priority step when logrolling a patient. Proper body alignment is crucial to prevent musculoskeletal injuries to the patient and the healthcare provider.
Choice D rationale:
The correct answer. Keeping the head, neck, back, hips, and legs in alignment with each other is the nursing priority when logrolling a patient. This technique ensures that the patient's spine is supported and prevents twisting or bending, reducing the risk of injury. Proper body mechanics are essential for both the patient's safety and the healthcare provider's safety during the procedure.
Correct Answer is ["12.15"]
Explanation
To calculate the amount of Augmentin to be administered per day, first, determine the total daily dose. The prescribed dose is 27 mg, given three times daily, resulting in a total daily dose of:
27 mg × 3 = 81 mg per day
Next, calculate the volume of the reconstituted solution needed to provide the total daily dose of 81 mg, considering that the vial, when reconstituted with 2.3 mL of saline, has a concentration of 20 mg/mL. The volume needed per dose is:
81 mg ÷ 20 mg/mL = 4.05 mL per dose
Since the medication is administered three times daily, the total volume required per day is:
4.05 mL per dose × 3 doses per day = 12.15 mL per day
Therefore, the nurse will administer 12.15 mL of the reconstituted Augmentin solution per day to the 6-year-old patient.
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