Which therapeutic treatment is commonly implemented for children with Hirschsprung disease?
Low protein diet
Surgical removal of the affected section of the bowel
Permanent colostomy
Daily enemas
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
A low protein diet is not a therapeutic treatment for Hirschsprung disease. Hirschsprung disease is a congenital condition characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon, leading to a lack of peristalsis and functional obstruction. Dietary modifications, such as a low protein diet, do not address the underlying issue of the absence of nerve cells in the bowel. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Choice B reason:
Surgical removal of the affected section of the bowel is the primary treatment for Hirschsprung disease. This procedure, known as a pull-through surgery, involves removing the aganglionic segment of the colon and connecting the healthy part of the intestine to the anus. This surgery restores normal bowel function by allowing the passage of stool through the healthy, innervated portion of the intestine. The pull-through procedure can be performed using minimally invasive techniques, resulting in shorter recovery times and fewer complications.
Choice C reason:
A permanent colostomy is not typically the first-line treatment for Hirschsprung disease. While a temporary colostomy may be performed in some cases to allow the bowel to heal before a pull-through surgery, a permanent colostomy is usually reserved for more severe cases or when other surgical options are not feasible. The goal of treatment is to restore normal bowel function, and a permanent colostomy is generally considered a last resort.
Choice D reason:
Daily enemas are not a definitive treatment for Hirschsprung disease. While enemas may be used temporarily to relieve symptoms and manage bowel movements, they do not address the underlying cause of the condition. The absence of ganglion cells in the bowel requires surgical intervention to restore normal bowel function. Therefore, daily enemas are not a long-term solution for Hirschsprung disease.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
A 7-year-old child with diabetes insipidus and a urine specific gravity of 1.016 is not in immediate danger. Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely diluted urine. A urine specific gravity of 1.016 is within the normal range (1.005 to 1.030). Therefore, this child does not require immediate assessment.
Choice B reason:
A 4-year-old child with asthma and a PCO2 of 37 mm Hg is also not in immediate danger. Asthma is a chronic condition that can cause difficulty breathing, but a PCO2 level of 37 mm Hg is within the normal range (35-45 mm Hg). This indicates that the child’s respiratory status is currently stable, and immediate assessment is not required.
Choice C reason:
A 1-year-old toddler with roseola and a temperature of 39°C (102.2°F) is experiencing a common viral infection that typically causes a high fever followed by a rash. While the fever is high, it is not uncommon for roseola and can be managed with antipyretics and supportive care. This child does not require immediate assessment.
Choice D reason:
A 10-year-old child with sickle cell anemia reporting 8 out of 10 chest pain is in immediate danger and requires urgent assessment. Chest pain in a child with sickle cell anemia can indicate acute chest syndrome, a severe and potentially life-threatening complication. Acute chest syndrome is characterized by chest pain, fever, and respiratory distress, and it requires prompt medical intervention. Therefore, this child should be assessed first.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Rye and oats: Rye contains gluten, which must be avoided by individuals with celiac disease. Oats, while naturally gluten-free, can often be contaminated with gluten during processing. Therefore, they should be introduced cautiously and only if labeled gluten-free.
Choice B Reason:
Wheat and corn: Wheat is a major source of gluten and must be strictly avoided by those with celiac disease. Corn, on the other hand, is naturally gluten-free and safe for consumption. However, since wheat is included in this option, it is not suitable for a gluten-free diet.
Choice C Reason:
Rice and soy: Both rice and soy are naturally gluten-free and safe for individuals with celiac disease. They are excellent alternatives to gluten-containing grains and provide essential nutrients.
Choice D Reason:
Barley and millet grain: Barley contains gluten and must be avoided by those with celiac disease. Millet is naturally gluten-free and safe for consumption. However, since barley is included in this option, it is not suitable for a gluten-free diet.
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