Which type of skin traction is applied to patients with fractures of the lower back and lower extremities?

A. Applying petroleum jelly to the skin under the traction tape. Petroleum jelly should not be applied, as it can soften the skin and increase the risk of maceration or skin breakdown under the traction tape.

B. Keeping the traction device loose to allow for movement. The traction must remain properly secured to maintain alignment and prevent further injury. Loosening it defeats the purpose of traction and can lead to complications.

C. Repositioning the patient every 4 hours.Repositioning at least every 2- 4 hours helps relieve pressure, promote circulation, and prevent skin breakdown.Turning every 4 hours on a viscoelastic foam mattress/surface results in fewer pressure ulcers than turning every 2 hours on a standard mattress.

D. Applying direct pressure to the skin over bony prominences. Applying direct pressure to bony prominences increases the risk of skin breakdown and worsens pressure injuries. Instead, pressure should be relieved by using cushions or proper repositioning techniques.

Visible signs of skin breakdown under the traction tape require immediate intervention. It indicates that the skin is compromised, and the patient is at risk of developing pressure ulcers or skin breakdown. Prompt action is necessary to prevent further damage and ensure patient safety.

a. Slight redness at the site of the traction tape may be expected, and the nurse should monitor for any signs of worsening or discomfort. It does not require immediate intervention unless it progresses.

b. Mild discomfort during movement of the affected limb is common with skin traction, and the nurse should assess for any signs of worsening or intolerable pain.

c. Pain rated as 6 out of 10 on the pain scale should be addressed, but it does not require immediate intervention unless it is associated with other concerning signs or symptoms