While at school, a school-aged child with a history of asthma develops feelings of tight chest and cough. Which medication would the school nurse need to administer?

Inhaled steroid

Oral leukotriene modifiers

Inhaled beta agonist

Oral steroids

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Inhaled steroid: Inhaled corticosteroids are used for long-term control of asthma and are not typically used during an acute asthma attack. They work by reducing inflammation, but they do not provide immediate relief of bronchoconstriction.

B. Oral leukotriene modifiers: Leukotriene modifiers are used for long-term asthma management, but they are not effective in providing quick relief during an acute asthma attack.

C. Inhaled beta agonist: Beta agonists (e.g., albuterol) are the first-line treatment for quick relief during an asthma attack. They work by relaxing the muscles around the airways to improve airflow and relieve symptoms like chest tightness and coughing.

D. Oral steroids: Oral steroids (e.g., prednisone) are used for severe asthma exacerbations, but they are not used as the first-line treatment for quick relief of symptoms like tight chest and cough. They take time to reduce inflammation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hoarseness: Hoarseness is a common symptom of croup and is usually not an immediate concern unless accompanied by other severe symptoms.

B. Barky cough: A barky cough is characteristic of croup and is not an indication of immediate concern unless it worsens.

C. Drooling: Drooling can be a sign of respiratory distress and difficulty swallowing, which can indicate a worsening condition such as epiglottitis, a more serious infection that can occur with croup. Drooling is a red flag and requires immediate medical attention.

D. Paroxysmal attacks of laryngeal spasm at night: Paroxysmal attacks (episodes of severe coughing or difficulty breathing) are typical of croup, especially at night, but are usually self-limited and not an immediate cause for concern unless severe.

A. Avoid a diet consisting of primarily milk. B. Limit intake of high-protein foods. C. Administer fat-soluble vitamins daily. D. Include whole grains and legumes in the diet.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Avoid a diet consisting of primarily milk: Cow's milk is low in iron and can interfere with the body's ability to absorb iron from other sources. A diet primarily consisting of milk can lead to iron deficiency anemia in young children. Therefore, it's important to offer a variety of iron-rich foods.

B. Limit intake of high-protein foods: High-protein foods are important for growth and development and should not be restricted unless there is a specific medical reason. This recommendation would not be helpful in preventing iron deficiency anemia.

C. Administer fat-soluble vitamins daily: Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) are essential, but they do not play a direct role in preventing iron deficiency anemia. The primary focus should be on iron-rich foods and not supplements unless indicated.

D. Include whole grains and legumes in the diet: Whole grains and legumes are healthy foods that can provide iron, but they are also high in phytates, which can interfere with iron absorption. While they should be part of a balanced diet, they alone are not sufficient to prevent iron deficiency anemia. Iron-rich foods like meat, fortified cereals, and leafy greens should be emphasized.

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While at school, a school-aged child with a history of asthma develops feelings of tight chest and cough. Which medication would the school nurse need to administer?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

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