Your client is diagnosed with Pernicious Anemia. What is the MOST likely treatment that they will receive?

Vit B12 IM

Iron PO

PRBC Transfusion

NS IV infusion

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Patients with this condition cannot absorb vitamin B12 from food due to a lack of intrinsic factor, which is essential for vitamin B12 absorption in the intestines. Therefore, vitamin B12 is administered via intramuscular (IM) injection to bypass the gastrointestinal absorption issue, ensuring that the patient receives the necessary amount of this vital nutrient.
B.   While iron supplements may be necessary for other types of anemia (like iron deficiency anemia), they are not the primary treatment for Pernicious Anemia. This condition is specifically related to vitamin B12 deficiency rather than iron deficiency, so iron is not a standard treatment option in this scenario.
C.   Packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions may be used in severe cases of anemia, particularly if the patient is symptomatic or has significant fatigue or cardiovascular instability. However, this is not a direct treatment for Pernicious Anemia itself and is not routinely used as the primary management strategy.
D.   Normal saline (NS) intravenous infusion may be used for hydration or to maintain fluid balance, but it does not address the underlying cause of Pernicious Anemia. It is not a treatment for the deficiency of vitamin B12.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Prednisone can lead to sodium and fluid retention, which can result in hypertension and edema. While this is an important consideration, it is not the most critical point to emphasize initially. Managing weight and blood pressure is essential, but there are more immediate concerns with the medication's use.
B. Long-term use of prednisone can result in changes such as fat redistribution, leading to a "moon face," buffalo hump, and increased abdominal fat. This is significant for understanding the side effects of prolonged therapy, but it is not the most urgent information for the client to know.
C. Prednisone can cause side effects such as mood changes, anxiety, or jitteriness, especially when initiating treatment or adjusting dosages. While this is relevant, the potential for emotional or psychological effects is secondary to the critical management of the medication.
D. This is the most critical point to emphasize. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can suppress the body's natural adrenal function. Abrupt discontinuation can lead to adrenal crisis, which can be life- threatening.

A. Neutrophils B. Lymphocytes C. Basophils D. Eosinophils

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of WBC and are primarily involved in responding to bacterial infections. While they may increase during a viral infection, their primary function is to combat bacteria and fungi. Therefore, they are not the most specific indicator of viral illnesses.
B. Lymphocytes, which include T cells and B cells, are the most directly associated with viral infections. They play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response, recognizing and responding to viral pathogens. A significant increase in lymphocytes, particularly T cells, is commonly seen during viral infections.
C. Basophils are involved in allergic reactions and responses to parasites, releasing histamine and other mediators. They are not significantly involved in the response to viral infections and typically do not show a notable increase in these situations.
D. Eosinophils primarily respond to parasitic infections and allergic reactions. While they may be elevated in some allergic conditions and certain parasitic infections, they are not directly involved in the immune response to viral infections.

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Your client is diagnosed with Pernicious Anemia. What is the MOST likely treatment that they will receive?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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