Your patient has been admitted with a diagnosis of bilateral pneumonia. You have trouble communicating with this patient, who is pouty and demanding your constant attention. She talks for long periods about the smallest details of her life. Besides the pneumonia, you ask the physician if the patient has a history of which of the following personality disorders?

Choice A reason: Lying prone may be part of the care plan but is not specifically aimed at promoting ambulation.

Choice B reason: Coordination exercises are important but secondary to building the strength necessary for using mobility aids.

Choice C reason: Building upper body strength is essential for a patient who has had an above-the-knee amputation to be able to use assistive devices for ambulation effectively.

Choice D reason: Maintaining residual limb elevation is important for reducing swelling but does not directly promote ambulation.

Choice A reason: Cool, dry skin is not typically associated with a panic attack, which often involves symptoms like sweating due to the fight-or-flight response.

Choice B reason: Chest pain is a common symptom of panic attacks, often leading individuals to believe they are having a heart attack.

Choice C reason: Pallor, or paleness, may occur during a panic attack, but it is not as common as other symptoms like chest pain.

Choice D reason: Bradycardia, or slow heart rate, is not characteristic of a panic attack; tachycardia, or fast heart rate, is more common.