A) Hypercapnia. Hypercapnia refers to an excessive amount of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream, typically due to hypoventilation.
B) Hypoxemia. Hypoxemia is a condition characterized by low oxygen levels in the blood, specifically the arterial blood.
C) Dyspnea. Dyspnea refers to a subjective sensation of difficulty or uncomfortable breathing.
D) Hypoxia. Hypoxia refers to a deficiency of oxygen in the tissues, not specifically in the blood.

A) Choose a wool blanket when using oxygen. Wool and synthetic fabrics can generate static electricity, which is a fire hazard in the presence of oxygen.
B) Keep oxygen tanks 4 feet away from an electric stove. Oxygen tanks should be kept at least 8 to 10 feet away from heat sources, including electric stoves.
C) Store oxygen tanks upright. Oxygen tanks should always be stored upright and secured to prevent them from falling and causing injury or damage.
D) Use petroleum-based ointments to moisturize lips. Petroleum-based products are flammable and should be avoided when using oxygen. Water-based moisturizers are safer.

A) Endotracheal tube. An endotracheal tube is invasive and used for patients who require mechanical ventilation, not for simple airway maintenance.
B) Partial rebreather oxygen mask. A partial rebreather mask is used to deliver oxygen, not to maintain airway patency.
C) Tracheostomy. A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure for long-term airway management and is unnecessary in this scenario.
D) Pharyngeal airway. A pharyngeal airway helps maintain airway patency by preventing the tongue from obstructing the airway.

A) Taping all connections within the system. Taping all connections helps prevent air leaks, which can compromise the function of the chest drainage system.
B) Turning on suction to 35 cm. Suction levels are typically set between 10 to 20 cm of water pressure. 35 cm is excessive and may cause lung tissue damage.
C) Keeping the system at the level of the patient's chest. The drainage system should always be kept below the level of the chest to promote gravity drainage and prevent backflow.
D) Looping the tubing between the mattress and the bed rail to minimize length. Tubing should not be looped or kinked, as this can obstruct drainage and compromise system function.

A) A nonrebreather mask should fit snugly over a client's face. A proper fit ensures effective oxygen delivery and prevents room air from entering the mask.
B) The reservoir bag on a nonrebreather mask should collapse with exhalation. The reservoir bag should not completely collapse. If it does, the oxygen flow may be inadequate.
C) A nonrebreather mask dries a client's mucous membranes. While high-flow oxygen delivery systems can dry mucous membranes, this is not specific to non rebreather masks.
D) Use a non rebreather mask to deliver low-flow oxygen. Non rebreather masks are designed to deliver high concentrations of oxygen (typically 60% to 100%).

A) "Repeat your breathing exercise every 2 hrs." Repeating breathing exercises should be done a couple of times every hour to help prevent postoperative complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia.
B) "Inhale through your mouth." Clients should inhale through their nose to filter, warm, and humidify the air.
C) "Hold your breath for 5 seconds." Holding the breath for 5 seconds allows for better lung expansion and optimal oxygen exchange.
D) "Exhale through your nose." Clients are generally advised to exhale through pursed lips to create positive airway pressure and prevent airway collapse.

A) Trendelenburg. This position involves tilting the patient with the head lower than the body and can worsen respiratory distress.
B) Tripod. The tripod position maximizes lung expansion by allowing the diaphragm to move freely, improving oxygenation.
C) Supine. The supine position can impair lung expansion and worsen respiratory distress.
D) Low-Fowler's Position. This position may provide minimal respiratory relief but is not as effective as the tripod position.

A) Sternum. Percussion over the sternum is ineffective and may cause discomfort.
B) Thorax. Percussion on the thorax helps loosen mucus in the underlying lung fields.
C) Midaxillary line on the rib cage. This area is not typically targeted for percussion.
D) Spine between the scapulae. Percussion on the spine is not advisable due to the potential for discomfort and ineffectiveness. The area between the scapulae is also less effective for loosening mucus compared to the thorax.

A) Secure the tracheostomy ties so that fingers cannot fit between the ties and the neck. The ties should be secure but loose enough to fit one finger between the ties and the neck to prevent skin breakdown and maintain comfort.
B) Suction for 20 seconds. Suctioning for 20 seconds is too long and may cause hypoxia. Suction should not exceed 5 to 10 seconds.
C) Clean secretions from the tube using hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide can irritate the delicate tissues and is not recommended. Saline or prescribed cleaning agents are preferred.
D) Set the vacuum pressure at 120 mmHg for suctioning. For a toddler, suction pressure should typically be between 80 and 120 mmHg to prevent mucosal damage.

A) Cleanse the mask or collar with soapy water every other day. The mask or collar should be cleansed at least once daily to prevent bacterial growth and maintain hygiene.
B) Post "no smoking" warning signs at home in a prominent location. This is essential to reduce the risk of fire hazards associated with oxygen therapy.
C) Make sure the straps on the mask are secure but not too tight. Properly adjusted straps ensure a secure fit without causing skin breakdown or discomfort.
D) Check the tops of his ears regularly for skin breakdown. Prolonged use of oxygen masks can cause pressure injuries on the ears, making regular checks necessary.
E) Apply petroleum jelly around and inside the nares. Petroleum-based products are flammable and should be avoided. Water-based moisturizers are safer alternatives.