(1 point). Listen.
If a patient's history indicates that the cardiac valve disease is autosomal dominant, which diagnosis will the nurse observe written in the chart?

Mitral valve prolapse.

Pulmonary stenosis.

Tricuspid regurgitation.

Aortic stenosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

Mitral valve prolapse is an autosomal dominant condition. If a patient's history indicates that cardiac valve disease is autosomal dominant, the nurse is likely to find a diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse in the patient's chart. Mitral valve prolapse is a condition where the mitral valve doesn't close properly, allowing blood to flow back into the left atrium.

Choice B rationale:

Pulmonary stenosis is not typically associated with autosomal dominant inheritance. It's more commonly associated with sporadic genetic mutations or other non-genetic factors.

Choice C rationale:

Tricuspid regurgitation is not usually an autosomal dominant condition. Like pulmonary stenosis, it's often caused by other factors rather than being directly related to genetic inheritance.

Choice D rationale:

Aortic stenosis is not typically an autosomal dominant condition. It's more commonly related to age-related degeneration or other non-genetic factors.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The client with bipolar disorder speaking loudly may be experiencing a manic episode, but this doesn't represent an immediate physical concern. There's no indication of a medical emergency here.

Choice B rationale:

Olfactory hallucinations in a client with schizophrenia are concerning, but it doesn't necessarily indicate an immediate physical issue that requires urgent attention.

Choice C rationale:

A client taking clozapine and reporting a sore throat is of immediate concern because clozapine is associated with a risk of agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening condition that can manifest as a sore throat. Monitoring for this side effect is crucial.

Choice D rationale:

While weight gain in a client taking lithium should be monitored, it's not an acute issue that requires immediate attention.

A. A patient with Alzheimer's disease. B. Diabetes mellitus. C. Hypertension. D. Emphysema.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

A patient with Alzheimer's disease is at risk for various health complications, but the question specifically asks about the risk of silent myocardial ischemia caused by dysfunction of the autonomic nerves. While Alzheimer's disease may lead to autonomic nervous system dysfunction, diabetes mellitus is a more well-established risk factor for autonomic neuropathy, which can result in silent myocardial ischemia.

Choice B rationale:

Diabetes mellitus is a known risk factor for autonomic neuropathy, which can result in silent myocardial ischemia. Autonomic neuropathy affects the nerves that control vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. This can lead to silent myocardial ischemia, where the patient may not feel the typical chest pain (angina) associated with reduced blood flow to the heart. Therefore, patients with diabetes are at the highest risk for this complication.

Choice C rationale:

Hypertension, while a risk factor for heart disease, is not directly linked to autonomic neuropathy and silent myocardial ischemia. Hypertension can lead to other cardiovascular complications but is not the primary risk factor for this specific complication mentioned in the question.

Choice D rationale:

Emphysema is primarily a lung condition and is not directly related to autonomic neuropathy or the risk of silent myocardial ischemia. While patients with emphysema may have increased cardiovascular risk due to chronic hypoxia, diabetes mellitus is a more significant risk factor for autonomic neuropathy and its associated complications, such as silent myocardial ischemia.

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(1 point). Listen.If a patient's history indicates that the cardiac valve disease is autosomal dominant, which diagnosis will the nurse observe written in the chart?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is receiving change-of-shift report for four clients.Which of the following clients should the nurse see first?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

(1 point). Listen.Which of the following patients is at the highest risk for silent myocardial ischemia caused by dysfunction of the autonomic nerves?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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(1 point). Listen.
If a patient's history indicates that the cardiac valve disease is autosomal dominant, which diagnosis will the nurse observe written in the chart?